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Shloka 5

Bhīṣma’s Admonition; Duryodhana’s Rājasūya Aspiration and the Proposal of a Vaiṣṇava-satra

अड्कयामास वसत्सांश्व॒ जज्ञे चोपसूतांस्त्वपि । बालवसत्साश्न या गाव: कालयामास ता अपि

aṅkayāmāsa vatsāṁś ca jajñe copasūtāṁs tv api | bālavatsāś ca yā gāvaḥ kālayāmāsa tā api ||

ヴァイシャンパーヤナは語った。――王は子牛にも番号と印を付けて数え上げ、また産みたての雌牛もきちんと記録させた。子牛がまだ幼い雌牛でさえ別に帳簿へ記し、区分しておいた――群れを秩序正しく管理するためである。

अङ्कयामासmarked, branded (made marks)
अङ्कयामास:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअङ्कयामास (अङ्क्/अङ्कय् धातु + आमास)
FormPerfect (periphrastic perfect), 3rd, singular, Parasmaipada
वसत्सान्calves
वसत्सान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवसत्स
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जज्ञेknew, ascertained, counted/recognized
जज्ञे:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormPerfect, 3rd, singular, Atmanepada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उपसूतान्newly-calved / having just given birth (to calves)
उपसूतान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउपसूत
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
तुbut, also
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
बालवसत्साःhaving very young calves
बालवसत्साः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबालवसत्स
Formfeminine, nominative, plural
याwhich (those that)
या:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formfeminine, nominative, plural
गावःcows
गावः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगो
Formfeminine, nominative, plural
कालयामासcounted, enumerated, made a tally
कालयामास:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकल्/कलय् (कालयामास)
FormPerfect (periphrastic perfect), 3rd, singular, Parasmaipada
ताःthose (them)
ताः:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formfeminine, accusative, plural
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
C
cows (gāvaḥ)
C
calves (vatsāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights dharmic stewardship: resources and dependents (especially the vulnerable, like cows with very young calves) should be managed with accountability, clear identification, and protective prioritization rather than neglect or exploitation.

A herd is being systematically organized: calves are marked, newly calved cows are counted, and cows with very young calves are also separately recorded—indicating careful administration and concern for proper care.