Shloka 10

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय ५ (कृष्णनीति: न्यायशम-उपदेशः; विराट-द्रुपदयोः सैन्यसमाह्वानम्)

Devanagari script

ततो दुर्योधनो मन्द: सहामात्य: सबान्धव: । निष्ठामापत्स्यते मूढ: क्रुद्धे गाण्डीवधन्चनि

Transliteration

tato duryodhano mandaḥ sahāmātyaḥ sabāndhavaḥ | niṣṭhām āpatsyate mūḍhaḥ kruddhe gāṇḍīvadhanvani ||

Translation

そのとき、鈍きドゥルヨーダナ—迷いに沈み、頑ななる者—は、ガーンディーヴァの弓を執る者（アルジュナ）の怒りを招けば、家臣と親族もろとも、ことごとく滅びに至るであろう。

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात्)
• Form: Avyaya

• दुर्योधनः: Duryodhana
• दुर्योधनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्योधन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मन्दः: dull-witted
• मन्दः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मन्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सह: together with
• सह: Karana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह
• Form: Avyaya

• अमात्यैः: with ministers
• अमात्यैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमात्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• स: with (co-)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स (तद्-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya (prefix-like particle in compounds)

• बान्धवैः: with kinsmen/relatives
• बान्धवैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: बान्धव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• निष्ठाम्: destruction, end (lit. final state)
• निष्ठाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: निष्ठा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• आपत्स्यते: will meet/attain (will come to)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आपद् (धातु)
• Form: Future (Luṭ), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada

• मूढः: deluded, foolish
• मूढः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मूढ (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from मुह्)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• क्रुद्धे: when (he is) angry; in the angry (state/person)
• क्रुद्धे: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रुद्ध (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from क्रुध्)
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• गाण्डीवधन्वनि: in the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna)
• गाण्डीवधन्वनि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गाण्डीवधन्वन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Duryodhana
• Arjuna (Gāṇḍīva-dhanvan)
• ministers (āmātya)
• kinsmen/relatives (bāndhava)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse warns that delusion, arrogance, and obstinate refusal to act rightly lead to inevitable ruin—not only for the wrongdoer but also for those who enable him (ministers and kinsmen). It also implies an ethical duty to heed wise counsel and avoid provoking righteous power through injustice.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vāyudeva foretells the outcome of Duryodhana’s course: if he persists in his folly, then when Arjuna—the famed wielder of the Gāṇḍīva—becomes enraged, Duryodhana will be destroyed along with his political supporters and family allies.