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Shloka 33

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 47 — Arjuna’s Deterrent Declaration

Sañjaya’s Report

यदा द्रष्टा बालमबालवीर्य द्विषच्चमूं मृत्युमिवोत्पतन्तम्‌ । सौभद्रमिन्द्रप्रतिमं कृतास्त्र तदा युद्ध धार्तराष्ट्रोडन्वतप्स्यत्‌

sañjaya uvāca | yadā draṣṭā bālam abāla-vīryaṃ dviṣac-camūṃ mṛtyum ivotpatantam | saubhadram indra-pratimaṃ kṛtāstraṃ tadā yuddhe dhārtarāṣṭro 'nutapsyat ||

サञ्जयは言った。「サウバドラを見よ――なお少年でありながら、幼さに似つかわしくない力を宿し、死そのもののように敵軍へ跳びかかる。しかもインドラに比すべき威勢を備え、武器の術にも通暁している――それを目の当たりにしたとき、戦のただ中でドリタラーシュトラの子は、この争いを挑んだことを悔いて胸を焦がすであろう。」

यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
द्रष्टाthe seer/observer (one who sees)
द्रष्टा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रष्टृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बालम्a boy/child
बालम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबाल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अबालवीर्यम्having strength not (like) a child; of non-childlike prowess
अबालवीर्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअबालवीर्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
द्विषत्of enemies (hating ones)
द्विषत्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootद्विषत्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
चमूम्army
चमूम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचमू
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
मृत्युम्death
मृत्युम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
उत्पतन्तम्leaping up/charging
उत्पतन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-√पत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, Shatru (present active participle)
सौभद्रम्the son of Subhadrā (Abhimanyu)
सौभद्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसौभद्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इन्द्रप्रतिमम्like Indra; Indra-like
इन्द्रप्रतिमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootइन्द्रप्रतिम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कृतास्त्रम्trained in weapons; having mastered weapons
कृतास्त्रम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतास्त्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
युद्धेin battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
धार्तराष्ट्रःDhṛtarāṣṭra's son (Duryodhana)
धार्तराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अन्वतप्स्यत्will regret/repent
अन्वतप्स्यत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-√तप्
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
Saubhadra (Abhimanyu)
D
Duryodhana (Dhārtarāṣṭra)
I
Indra
E
enemy army (dviṣac-camū)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores moral causality in warfare: initiating unjust conflict brings inevitable consequences, including remorse when one confronts the suffering and formidable resistance that one’s own choices have unleashed.

Sañjaya foretells that when Duryodhana sees Abhimanyu—young in age but mighty and weapon-skilled—charging the enemy host like Death, Duryodhana will regret having set the war in motion.