Shloka 70

Ārjava, Satya, and the Virocana–Sudhanvan Exemplum

Udyoga-parva 35

Devanagari script

पुरा हरुक्तं नाकरोस्त्वं वचो मे द्यूते जितां द्रौपदीं प्रेक्ष्य राजन्‌ । दुर्योधन वारयेत्यक्षवत्यां कितवत्वं पण्डिता वर्जयन्ति

Transliteration

purā hṛtaṃ na akāroḥ tvaṃ vaco me dyūte jitāṃ draupadīṃ prekṣya rājan | duryodhana vārayet y akṣavatyāṃ kitavatvaṃ paṇḍitā varjayanti

Translation

ヴィドゥラは言った。「かつて大王よ、あなたは我が諫言を行いに移さなかった。賽の勝負でドラウパディーが“勝ち取られた”のを見ても、ドゥルヨーダナを制しなかった。賢者は賭博の悪徳を避ける。破滅と恥辱を招くゆえである。」

Word by Word

• पुरा: formerly, earlier
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरा

• हि: indeed, for
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• उक्तम्: said, spoken
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (उच्)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), neuter, nominative/accusative, singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• अकरोः: you did (not do), you carried out
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: लुङ् (aorist), 2, singular, परस्मैपद

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: nominative, singular

• वचः: word, command
• वचः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचस्
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• मे: of me, my
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: genitive, singular

• द्यूते: in the gambling match
• द्यूते: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्यूत
• Form: neuter, locative, singular

• जिताम्: won (as a stake), conquered
• Type: Verb
• Root: जि
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), feminine, accusative, singular

• द्रौपदीम्: Draupadī
• द्रौपदीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रौपदी
• Form: feminine, accusative, singular

• प्रेक्ष्य: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + ईक्ष्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• दुर्योधन: O Duryodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्योधन
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• वारयेत्: should restrain, should prevent
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृ (वारयति, causative)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), 3, singular, परस्मैपद

• इति: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• अक्षवत्याम्: in (one) possessing dice; in gambling
• अक्षवत्याम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अक्षवत्
• Form: feminine, locative, singular

• कितवत्वम्: gambling, the state of being a gambler
• कितवत्वम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कितवत्व
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• पण्डिताः: the wise (men)
• पण्डिताः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पण्डित
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• वर्जयन्ति: avoid, shun
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृज्
• Form: लट् (present), 3, plural, परस्मैपद

Speaker

विदुर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vidura
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Draupadī
• Duryodhana
• dyūta (dice-game)