Shloka 46
Ārjava, Satya, and the Virocana–Sudhanvan Exemplum
Udyoga-parva 35
पुनर्नरो प्रियते जायते च पुनर्नरो हीयते वर्धते च । पुनर्नरो याचति याच्यते च पुनर्नर: शोचति शोच्यते च
punar naro prīyate jāyate ca punar naro hīyate vardhate ca | punar naro yācati yācyate ca punar naraḥ śocati śocyate ca ||
ヴィドゥラは人の世の回転を省みる。人は幾度も死に、幾度も生まれる。幾度も衰え、幾度も栄える。幾度も乞い、幾度も乞われる。幾度も他者のために嘆き、幾度も他者が彼のために嘆く。この偈は冷厳な倫理の洞察を迫る——世の有様は果てなく交替するのだから、移ろう得失に執着せず、堅固さと自制とダルマを求めよ。
विदुर उवाच
Educational Q&A
Human life moves in recurring cycles—birth and death, gain and loss, asking and being asked, grieving and being grieved for. Recognizing this impermanence supports vairagya (detachment), patience, and commitment to dharma rather than obsession with temporary outcomes.
In Udyoga Parva, Vidura offers counsel grounded in moral realism. Here he generalizes from worldly experience to remind his listener that fortunes reverse repeatedly; therefore one should act wisely and ethically, not driven by pride, fear, or attachment.