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Shloka 20

अध्याय २६ — युद्ध-निन्दा, काम-दोष, तथा धार्तराष्ट्र-नीति-विश्लेषण

War-aversion, Desire as a Policy Fault, and Analysis of Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Governance

बल॑ कस्माद्‌ वर्धयित्वा परस्य निजान्‌ कस्मात्‌ कर्शयित्वा सहायान्‌ | निरुष्य कस्माद्‌ वर्षपूगान्‌ वनेषु युयुत्ससे पाण्डव हीनकालम्‌,पाण्डुनन्दन! फिर क्‍या कारण है कि आपने शत्रुकी शक्तिको बढ़नेका अवसर दिया? किसलिये अपने सहायकोंको दुर्बल बनाया और क्‍यों बारह वर्षोतक वनमें निवास किया? फिर आज जब वह अनुकूल अवसर बीत चुका है, आपको युद्ध करनेकी इच्छा क्‍यों हुई है?

balaṁ kasmād vardhayitvā parasya nijān kasmāt karśayitvā sahāyān | nirūṣya kasmād varṣa-pūgān vaneṣu yuyutsase pāṇḍava hīna-kālaṁ, pāṇḍu-nandana!

サञ्जयは言った。「なぜ敵の勢いが増すのを許したのか。なぜ自らの助力者たちを弱らせたのか。なぜ幾年も続けて森に住まったのか。そして今、その好機がすでに過ぎ去ったというのに、なぜ戦を望むのか、パーンダヴァよ、パーンドゥの子よ。」

बलम्strength, power
बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कस्मात्from what (cause)? why?
कस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
वर्धयित्वाhaving increased
वर्धयित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootवृध्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
परस्यof the other; of the enemy
परस्य:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
निजान्one's own (people)
निजान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कस्मात्from what (cause)? why?
कस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
कर्शयित्वाhaving weakened, having emaciated
कर्शयित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
सहायान्helpers, allies
सहायान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसहाय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
निरुष्यhaving confined/kept (oneself) in; having stayed
निरुष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-रुध्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
कस्मात्from what (cause)? why?
कस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
वर्षपूगान्heaps/sets of years (many years)
वर्षपूगान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष-पूग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वनेषुin forests
वनेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवन
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
युयुत्ससेyou wish to fight; you desire battle
युयुत्ससे:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormPresent, Lat, Second, Singular, Atmanepada
पाण्डवO Pandava
पाण्डव:
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
हीनकालम्at a time that is deficient/past; after the opportune time
हीनकालम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहीन-काल
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
पाण्डुनन्दनO son of Pandu
पाण्डुनन्दन:
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डु-नन्दन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pāṇḍava (addressed person)
P
Pāṇḍu
E
enemy/opposing party (implied)
F
forests (vana)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames an ethical-strategic critique: delaying action can strengthen an adversary and weaken one’s own allies; therefore timing (kāla) and responsibility toward supporters are central considerations in dharma-informed statecraft.

Sañjaya challenges a Pāṇḍava, questioning why he tolerated the enemy’s rise, endured long forest-dwelling, and only now seeks war after the supposedly favorable opportunity has passed—highlighting the tension between patience/endurance and decisive action.