Shloka 8

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय १५१: कृष्णस्य कौरव-अवज्ञा-निर्णयः तथा पाण्डव-योगाज्ञा

Krishna on the Kauravas’ Rejection of Counsel; Pandava Readiness Ordered

Devanagari script

खानयामास परिखां केशवस्तत्र भारत । गुप्त्यर्थमपि चादिश्य बल तत्र न्यवेशयत्‌

Transliteration

vaiśampāyana uvāca |

khānayāmāsa parikhāṃ keśavas tatra bhārata |

gupthyartham api cādiśya balaṃ tatra nyaveśayat ||

Translation

ヴァイシャンパーヤナは語った。「おおバーラタよ、ケーシャヴァはその地で防備の壕を掘らせた。さらに安全のために命を下し、軍をまさにその場所に布陣させた。」

Word by Word

• खानयामास: caused to be dug / had dug
• Type: Verb
• Root: खन् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (परस्मैपद, परोक्षभूत/परफेक्ट), 3, singular

• परिखाम्: a trench, moat
• परिखाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिखा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: feminine, accusative, singular

• केशवः: Keshava (Krishna)
• केशवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: केशव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र

• भारत: O Bharata
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• गुप्त्यर्थम्: for the purpose of protection/guarding
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुप्ति + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• अपि: also, even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• आदिश्य: having ordered/commanded
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + दिश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्यय (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage)

• बलम्: the army/force
• बलम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: बल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र

• न्यवेशयत्: stationed/encamped (caused to settle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि + विश् (धातु) / निवेशय (णिच्-प्रयोग)
• Form: लङ् (imperfect/past), 3, singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Keśava (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)
• Bhārata (addressed listener)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even in a righteous cause, leaders must act with foresight: protection, order, and disciplined deployment are ethical duties toward those under one’s care.

What is happening in the narrative?

Kṛṣṇa (Keśava) arranges practical defenses by having a trench dug and, after issuing instructions, stations the army there to ensure security as preparations for the coming war proceed.