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Shloka 30

धृतराष्ट्रस्य वंशोपदेशः

Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Dynastic Counsel on Legitimate Rule

राज्यं कुरूणामनुपूर्व भोज्यं क्रमागतो न: कुलधर्म एष: । त्वं पापबुद्धेडतिनृशंसकर्मन्‌ राज्यं कुरूणामनयाद्‌ विहंसि,“हमारे यहाँ परम्परासे चला आनेवाला कुलधर्म यही है कि यह कुरुराज्य पूर्व-पूर्व अधिकारीके कमसे उपभोगमें आवे (अर्थात्‌ पहले पिताके अधिकारमें रहे, फिर पुत्रके, पिताके जीते-जी पुत्र राज्यका अधिकारी नहीं हो सकता); परंतु अत्यन्त क्रूर कर्म करनेवाले पापबुद्धि दुर्योधन! तू अपने अन्यायसे इस कौरवराज्यका विनाश कर रहा है

rājyaṃ kurūṇām anupūrva-bhojyaṃ kramāgato naḥ kula-dharma eṣaḥ | tvaṃ pāpa-buddher ati-nṛśaṃsa-karman rājyaṃ kurūṇām anayād vihiṃsi ||

ヴィドゥラは宣言する。クル族において王国は正しい継承の順に享受され統治されねばならぬ—それが祖伝の家法であり確立した慣習である。権威は段階を追って正当な年長者へ移るのであって、順を越えて奪い取るものではない。ついで彼は、罪の意を抱き残虐な行いをなすドゥルヨーダナを叱責し、その不義によってクルの国そのものを滅びへ導いているのだと言い放つ。

राज्यम्kingdom
राज्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कुरूणाम्of the Kurus
कुरूणाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अनुपूर्वम्in due order, successively
अनुपूर्वम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनुपूर्व
भोज्यम्to be enjoyed/ruled
भोज्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभोज्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
क्रमागतःhanded down in succession, traditional
क्रमागतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रमागत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नःof us/our
नः:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Plural
कुलधर्मःfamily/traditional duty
कुलधर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुलधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एषःthis
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
पापबुद्धेO evil-minded one
पापबुद्धे:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootपापबुद्धि
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अतिनृशंसकर्मन्O one of extremely cruel deeds
अतिनृशंसकर्मन्:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootअतिनृशंसकर्मन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
राज्यम्kingdom
राज्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कुरूणाम्of the Kurus
कुरूणाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अनयात्by injustice, by unrighteousness
अनयात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअनय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
विहंसिyou destroy/ruin
विहंसि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि-हंस्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
D
Duryodhana
K
Kurus
K
Kuru kingdom (Kaurava realm)

Educational Q&A

Legitimate rule must follow established dharma—especially the dynastic norm of orderly succession. Seizing power through anaya (injustice) is not merely a personal fault; it corrodes the polity and leads to collective ruin.

In the Udyoga Parva’s pre-war counsel, Vidura confronts Duryodhana, reminding him of the Kuru tradition of rightful succession and condemning his ruthless, unjust conduct as the cause of the impending destruction of the Kuru kingdom.