Shloka 31

अदारा-नीति

Crisis Composure) and ‘Jaya’ Śravaṇa (Morale-Instruction

Devanagari script

प्राज्ञस्थ नृपतेराशु वृद्धिर्भवति पुत्रक | अभिवर्तति लक्ष्मीस्तं प्राचीमिव दिवाकर:

Transliteration

prājñastha nṛpater āśu vṛddhir bhavati putraka | abhivartati lakṣmīs taṃ prācīm iva divākaraḥ ||

Translation

わが子よ、神々とともにバラモンを敬い、ほかの吉祥の儀を成し遂げてから事を起こす賢王は、たちまちに栄える。王の福運は四方より彼に向かい、彼の上に宿って名声と光輝を授ける—太陽が必ず東方に寄り添い、それを照らすがごとく。

Word by Word

• प्राज्ञस्य: of the wise
• प्राज्ञस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्राज्ञ
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• नृपतेः: of the king
• नृपतेः: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृपति
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• आशु: quickly
• आशु: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आशु

• वृद्धिः: prosperity, increase
• वृद्धिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृद्धि
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• भवति: arises, happens, becomes
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• पुत्रक: O dear son
• पुत्रक: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्रक
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• अभिवर्तति: turns toward, comes to, attends upon
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि√वृत्
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• लक्ष्मीः: fortune, royal prosperity
• लक्ष्मीः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्ष्मी
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• प्राचीम्: the eastern direction
• प्राचीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राची
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• इव: like, as
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• दिवाकरः: the sun
• दिवाकरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिवाकर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• वत्स: O child, dear one
• वत्स: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वत्स
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

पुत्र उवाच

Characters & Entities

• putra (son)
• nṛpati (king)
• lakṣmī (royal fortune)
• divākara (sun)
• prācī (east)
• devatāḥ (gods)
• brāhmaṇāḥ (Brahmins)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A ruler’s swift prosperity is linked to dharmic conduct: beginning actions with reverence—especially honoring Brahmins and the divine and performing auspicious rites—draws Lakṣmī (royal fortune), bringing fame and radiance.

What is happening in the narrative?

A son addresses his father (the king) with counsel on statecraft and dharma, using a simile: as the sun naturally rises in the east and illuminates it, so fortune naturally turns toward a king who starts his works with proper worship and auspicious observances.