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Shloka 5

Udyoga Parva Adhyāya 132 — Vidura’s Counsel on Udyama, Yaśas, and Kṣātra-Dharma

इस इतिहासमें जो कल्याणकारी उपदेश हो

ānandana mayā jāta dviṣatāṁ harṣavardhana | na mayā tvaṁ na pitrā ca jātaḥ kvābhyāgato hāsi ||

この物語にある吉祥の教えは、ユディシュティラの前でそのまま語り直せ。ヴィドゥラーと名高いクシャトリヤの女がいた。良き家に生まれ、名声を備え、威光に輝き、矜持高く、諸根を制し、クシャトリヤの法に専心し、遠見の才を持っていた。王たちの集いで彼女の名は大いに知られていた。多くのシャーストラに通じ、偉人の教えを聞いて益を得ることにも長けていた。ある時、その子は信度の王に敗れ、ひどく意気消沈して家に帰り、横たわって眠っていた。王妃ヴィドゥラーは、その実子をその有様で見て、激しく非難した。ヴィドゥラーは言った。「おまえは私の胎から生まれたというのに、私を喜ばせぬ。むしろ敵の歓喜を増すばかりだ。ゆえに私は、おまえは私から生まれたのでも、父にもうけられたのでもないと思わざるを得ぬ—でなければ、かような臆病者がどこから現れようか。」

विदुलाVidulā
विदुला:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविदुला
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अनन्दनO (one who is) not a delight
अनन्दन:
TypeNoun
Rootअ-नन्दन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormInstrumental, Singular
जातborn
जात:
TypeAdjective
Rootजन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Vocative, Singular
द्विषताम्of the enemies
द्विषताम्:
TypeNoun
Rootद्विषत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
हर्षवर्धनO increaser of (their) joy
हर्षवर्धन:
TypeNoun
Rootहर्ष-वर्धन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormInstrumental, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पित्राby (your) father
पित्रा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जातःborn
जातः:
TypeAdjective
Rootजन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
क्वfrom where?/where?
क्व:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्व
अभ्यागतःcome/arrived
अभ्यागतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअभि-आ-गम्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
indeed/for emphasis
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
असिyou are
असि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
V
Vidulā
V
Vidulā’s son (unnamed in this verse)
S
Sindhurāja (mentioned in the prose context)
E
enemies (dviṣat)

Educational Q&A

A kṣatriya must not collapse into shameful passivity after defeat; cowardice strengthens the enemy. Vidulā uses harsh, honor-based rhetoric to shock her son into reclaiming courage, self-respect, and duty.

After Vidulā’s son returns home dejected and sleeps following defeat by Sindhurāja, Vidulā rebukes him. In this verse she sarcastically calls him “bringer of joy,” then declares that his behavior is so disgraceful that she can hardly believe he is truly her son.