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Shloka 18

ययातिपतनम् — Yayāti’s Fall and the Offer of Dharma

Nārada’s Account

विचारश्न समुत्पन्नो निरीक्ष्य नहुषात्मजम्‌ । को न्वयं कस्य वा राज्ञ: कथं वा स्वर्गमागत:,नहुषपुत्र ययातिको देखकर स्वर्गवासियोंमें यह विचार खड़ा हो गया--“यह कौन है? किस राजाका पुत्र है? और कैसे स्वर्गमें आ गया है?

vicāraś ca samutpanno nirīkṣya nahuṣātmajam | ko nv ayaṁ kasya vā rājñaḥ kathaṁ vā svargam āgataḥ ||

ナーラダは言った。ナフシャの子ヤヤーティを見て、天界の住人たちの間に疑念が起こった。「これは誰か。いずれの王の子か。そしていかなる手段によってスヴァルガに来たのか。」この偈は、天界への到達が識別しうる功徳とダルマに基づくべきものと見なされることを示し、ゆえに見知らぬ者が神々の中に現れれば、吟味が起こるのである。

vicāraḥthought, reflection
vicāraḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootvicāra
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
samutpannaḥarisen, sprung up
samutpannaḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootsam-ut-panna (√pad/√pat, past passive participle)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
nirīkṣyahaving looked at, after observing
nirīkṣya:
TypeVerb
Rootnir-īkṣ (√īkṣ)
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
nahuṣa-ātmajamNahusha's son
nahuṣa-ātmajam:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootnahuṣa + ātmaja
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
kaḥwho?
kaḥ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootkim
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
nuindeed, then (interrogative particle)
nu:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnu
ayamthis (person)
ayam:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootidam
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
kasyaof whom?
kasya:
TypePronoun
Rootkim
FormGenitive, Singular
or
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
rājñaḥof the king
rājñaḥ:
TypeNoun
Rootrājan
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
kathamhow?
katham:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkatham
or
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
svargamto heaven
svargam:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootsvarga
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
āgataḥhas come, arrived
āgataḥ:
TypeVerb
Rootā-gata (√gam, past active participle)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada
N
Nahuṣa
Y
Yayāti
S
Svarga (heaven)
S
svargavāsinaḥ (dwellers of heaven)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores that access to Svarga is presumed to follow discernible dharmic merit; when someone appears without being known, the gods inquire into lineage and the ethical means by which he attained heaven.

Nārada narrates that the heavenly beings, noticing Yayāti (son of Nahuṣa) among them, become curious and doubtful, asking who he is, whose son, and how he has arrived in heaven.