Mahabharata 11.21.5 — Stree Parva, Adhyaya 21, Shloka 5

अध्याय २१ — गान्धार्या वैकर्तनदर्शनम्

Gāndhārī’s Viewing of Vaikartana/Karṇa

Devanagari script

शार्टूलमिव सिंहेन समरे सव्यसाचिना । मातड़मिव मत्तेन मातड्रेन निपातितम्‌

Transliteration

vaiśampāyana uvāca | śārṭūlam iva siṃhena samare savyasācinā | mātaṅgam iva mattena mātaṅgreṇa nipātitam ||

Translation

ヴァイシャンパーヤナは言った。戦場において、両手の達人サヴィヤサーチンたるアルジュナは、その勇士を、獅子が虎を倒すがごとく、また発情の狂気にある巨象が別の強大な象を打ち伏せるがごとく、討ち倒した。この比喩は戦の恐るべき対称を示す――大勇士は大勇士と相まみえ、武威がそのまま死の尺度となるのである。

Word by Word

• शार्दूलम्: a tiger
• शार्दूलम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शार्दूल
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• इव: like/as
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• सिंहेन: by a lion
• सिंहेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिंह
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• समरे: in battle
• समरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: समर
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• सव्यसाचिना: by Savyasācin (Arjuna, ambidextrous archer)
• सव्यसाचिना: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सव्यसाचिन्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• मातङ्गम्: an elephant
• मातङ्गम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातङ्ग
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• इव: like/as
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• मत्तेन: by an intoxicated (one)
• मत्तेन: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मत्त
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• मातङ्गेन: by an elephant
• मातङ्गेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातङ्ग
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• निपातितम्: felled/struck down
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-पत्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Arjuna (Savyasācin)
• lion (siṃha)
• tiger (śārṭūla)
• elephant (mātaṅga)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the grim ethic of kṣatriya warfare: equals confront equals, and martial excellence becomes both glory and ruin. The similes intensify the sense that in war even the mightiest fall, foreshadowing the sorrow that defines the Strī Parva.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana describes a warrior being slain by Arjuna in battle, using two parallel comparisons—lion vs. tiger and rutting elephant vs. elephant—to convey the force and inevitability of the kill among great combatants.