Shloka 12

Strī Parva, Adhyāya 2 — Vidura’s Consolation on Kāla, Karma, and the Limits of Lamentation (विदुरोपदेशः)

Devanagari script

सर्वे स्वाध्यायवन्तो हि सर्वे च चरितव्रता: । सर्वे चाभिमुखा: क्षीणास्तत्र का परिदेवना,वे सभी वीर वेदोंका स्वाध्याय करनेवाले थे। सबने ब्रह्मचर्यव्रतका पालन किया था तथा वे सभी युद्धमें शत्रुका सामना करते हुए वीरगतिको प्राप्त हुए हैं; अतः उनके लिये शोक करनेकी क्या बात है?

Transliteration

sarve svādhyāyavanto hi sarve ca caritavratāḥ | sarve cābhimukhāḥ kṣīṇās tatra kā paridevanā ||

Translation

ヴィドゥラは言った。「彼らは皆、ヴェーダの誦習と学修に励み、皆、戒めある誓いを守って生きた。そして皆、戦場で敵に正面から向き合って命を終えた。ならば、何を嘆く理由があろうか。」

Word by Word

सर्वेall

स्वाध्यायवन्तःpossessing Vedic self-study

हिindeed/for

सर्वेall

चand

चरितव्रताःhaving observed vows

सर्वेall

चand

अभिमुखाःfacing (the enemy), confronting

क्षीणाःperished/ended (their lives)

तत्रthere/therein

काwhat (kind of)?

परिदेवनाlamentation/grief

Speaker

विदुर उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vidura

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Cross References

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Vidura frames grief through dharma: those who lived with discipline (svādhyāya and vrata) and died facing the enemy attained an honorable end; therefore uncontrolled lamentation is ethically misplaced.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the aftermath of the Kurukṣetra slaughter, Vidura addresses the mourners and attempts to restrain their sorrow by recalling the virtues and valor of the fallen warriors.