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Shloka 15

Kośārtha-Rājadharma: Ethical Revenue Collection and Social Regulation (कोशार्थ-राजधर्मः)

नियम्या: सर्व एवैते ये राष्ट्स्योपघातका: । एते राष्ट्रेईभितिष्ठन्तो बाधन्ते भद्विका: प्रजा:,शराबखाना खोलनेवाले, वेश्याएँ, कुट्टनियाँ, वेश्याओंके दलाल, जुआरी तथा ऐसे ही बुरे पेशे करनेवाले और भी जितने लोग हों, वे समूचे राष्ट्रको हानि पहुँचानेवाले हैं; अत: इन सबको दण्ड देकर दबाये रखना चाहिये। यदि ये राज्यमें टिके रहते हैं तो कल्याणमार्गपर चलनेवाली प्रजाको बड़ी बाधाएँ पहुँचाते हैं

niyamyāḥ sarva evaite ye rāṣṭrasyopaghātakāḥ | ete rāṣṭre ’bhitiṣṭhanto bādhante bhadrikāḥ prajāḥ ||

ビーシュマは言った。「国を害する者はすべて抑えねばならぬ。もし彼らが領内に留まり根を下ろすことを許されれば、善く治まり徳に従う民を妨げ苦しめ、民の安寧と国の道徳秩序にとって重大な障碍となる。」

नियम्याःto be restrained/controlled
नियम्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनियम्य (√यम्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येwho/which
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राष्ट्रस्यof the kingdom/state
राष्ट्रस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootराष्ट्र
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
उपघातकाःharm-doers/destroyers
उपघातकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउपघातक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राष्ट्रेin the kingdom/state
राष्ट्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराष्ट्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अभितिष्ठन्तःstaying/remaining (there)
अभितिष्ठन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअभितिष्ठत् (अभि-√स्था)
FormPresent (participle), Plural
बाधन्तेthey obstruct/afflict
बाधन्ते:
TypeVerb
Root√बाध्
FormPresent, 3, Plural, Ātmanepada
भद्रिकाःgood/virtuous
भद्रिकाः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभद्रिक
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
प्रजाःsubjects/people
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural

भीष्य उवाच

B
Bhishma
R
rāṣṭra (the kingdom/state)
P
prajā (subjects/people)

Educational Q&A

A king must protect social and moral order by restraining those who harm the state and who obstruct the welfare of respectable, law-abiding subjects; governance includes active regulation and punishment when needed.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on kingship, Bhishma advises the ruler that people who damage the kingdom should not be allowed to entrench themselves in the realm, because their presence becomes a direct obstacle to the well-being of good citizens.