Shloka 2

Brāhmaṇa-Dharma, Āśrama Eligibility, and the Primacy of Rāja-Dharma (Śānti Parva 63)

Devanagari script

भीष्म अवाच ब्राह्मणस्य तु चत्वारस्त्वाश्रमा विहिता: प्रभो । वर्णस्तान्‌ नानुवर्तन्ते त्रयो भारतसत्तम

Transliteration

bhīṣma uvāca brāhmaṇasya tu catvāras tv āśramā vihitāḥ prabho | varṇas tān nānuvartante trayo bhāratasattama ||

Translation

ビーシュマは言った。「主よ、ブラーフマナには四住期（四アーシュラマ）がまことに定められている。だが他の三ヴァルナは、それらの住期を完全には踏み行わぬ。バーラタ族の最勝者よ。」

Word by Word

• भीष्मः: Bhishma
• भीष्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीष्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha), Third, Singular

• ब्राह्मणस्य: of a Brahmin
• ब्राह्मणस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• चत्वारः: four
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुर्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• त्व: indeed (enclitic emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: त्व

• आश्रमाḥ: stages of life (ashramas)
• आश्रमाḥ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: आश्रम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• विहिताः: are prescribed/ordained
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-धा
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• प्रभो: O lord
• प्रभो: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभु
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• वर्णः: the (other) varna/class
• वर्णः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तान्: those (ashramas)
• तान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• अनुवर्तन्ते: follow/observe
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु-वृत्
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Atmanepada

• त्रयः: three
• त्रयः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• भारतसत्तम: O best of the Bharatas
• भारतसत्तम: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारतसत्तम
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

युधिषछ्िर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Brāhmaṇa
• Varṇa
• Āśrama