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Shloka 111

Varṇa-dharma and Rājadharma: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Normative Outline (वर्णधर्म-राजधर्म-प्रश्नोत्तरम्)

मन्त्रिणो वालखिल्याश्ष सारस्वत्यो गणस्तथा । महर्षिर्भगवान्‌ गर्गस्तस्य सांवत्सरो5भवत्‌

mantriṇo vālakhilyāś ca sārasvatyo gaṇas tathā | maharṣir bhagavān gargas tasya sāṁvatsaro 'bhavat ||

ビーシュマは言った。「ヴァーラキリヤの聖仙たち、またサラスヴァティー河畔に住まう聖仙の一団が、彼の大臣として仕えた。尊き大聖ガルガ(Garga)は彼のサーンヴァツァラ(sāṁvatsara)となり、宮廷の占星と暦年の算定を司った。」

मन्त्रिणःministers/counsellors
मन्त्रिणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमन्त्रिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वालखिल्याःthe Vālakhilya sages
वालखिल्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवालखिल्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सारस्वत्यःthe Sārasvatīs (Sarasvatī-associated sages/ascetics)
सारस्वत्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसारस्वती
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
गणःgroup, assemblage
गणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाlikewise, also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
महर्षिःgreat seer
महर्षिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहर्षि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भगवान्venerable, blessed
भगवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गर्गःGarga (name of a sage)
गर्गः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगर्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्यof him, his
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
सांवत्सरःannual priest/astrologer (saṃvatsara-officiant)
सांवत्सरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसांवत्सर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभवत्became, was
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
V
Vālakhilya sages
S
Sārasvatya (Sarasvatī-bank) sages
S
Sarasvatī River
M
Maharshi Garga

Educational Q&A

Righteous governance is strengthened when a ruler relies on disciplined, learned sages for counsel and on competent experts (such as a jyotiṣa authority) for orderly regulation of time and ritual—showing that dharma in public life depends on wise advisors and proper institutions.

Bhishma describes the composition of a ruler’s court: the Vālakhilyas and the Sarasvatī-bank sages function as ministers, while the revered seer Garga serves as the court’s annual time-reckoner/astrologer (sāṁvatsara).