Shloka 58
Atithi-prāpti and the Brāhmaṇa’s Deliberation on Triadic Dharma (अतिथिप्राप्तिः धर्मत्रयविचारश्च)
Devanagari script
ततो5थ वरदो देवस्तान् सर्वानमरान् स्थितान् | अशरीरो बभाषेदं वाक्यं खस्थो महेश्वर:
Transliteration
tato ’tha varado devas tān sarvān amarān sthitān | aśarīro babhāṣedaṃ vākyaṃ khastho maheśvaraḥ ||
Translation
かくして供犠の分け前が定まると、恩寵を授ける主—マヘーシュヴァラ—は虚空にとどまり、身を持たぬまま、集いし不死の神々に次の言葉を告げた。
Word by Word
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
Formअव्यय
अथthen/now (next)
अथ:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
Formअव्यय
वरदःboon-giving
वरदः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवरद
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
देवःthe god
देवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
तान्those (them)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
अमरान्immortals; gods
अमरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअमर
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
स्थितान्standing, stationed
स्थितान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्था (धातु) → स्थित (क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
अशरीरःbodiless, without a body
अशरीरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-शरीर
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
बभाषspoke
बभाष:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभाष् (धातु)
Formलिट् (परोक्षभूत), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
वाक्यम्speech; statement
वाक्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
खस्थःstanding in the sky
खस्थः:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootख-स्थ
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
महेश्वरःMaheshvara; the Great Lord
महेश्वरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहेश्वर
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
VaiśampāyanaM
Maheśvara (Śiva)A
Amarāḥ (the gods)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights that dharmic order in ritual life—such as the proper settlement of sacrificial shares—rests on higher divine sanction, and that true authority is not limited by physical embodiment.
After the sacrificial portions have been determined, Maheśvara, remaining in the sky without a visible body, addresses the assembled gods, introducing a divine pronouncement that follows.