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Shloka 31

Adhyāya 33 — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Post-Conflict Remorse and Inquiry on Āśrama Discipline (शोक-विमर्शः, आश्रम-जिज्ञासा)

जो धर्मका विनाश चाहते हुए अधर्मके प्रवर्तक हो रहे हों

ekaṃ hatvā yadi kule śiṣṭānāṃ syād anāmayam | kulaṃ hatvā ca rāṣṭraṃ ca na tad vṛttopaghātakam ||

ヴィヤーサは言った。もし一人を討つことで、一族に残る正しき者たちが患いを免れ、また一つの腐敗した氏族を滅ぼすことで、国土全体に安寧と福祉が行き渡るのなら、その行いは正しい行状に背くものではない。ここでの倫理の要点は、ダルマ(dharma)の崩壊を防ぎ、少数がもたらす害から多数を守るために用いられる力は、それ自体が道徳の破壊ではないということだ—ただしそれが、アダルマ(adharma)を積極的に助長する者に向けられる限りにおいて。

एकम्one (person)
एकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हत्वाhaving killed
हत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral), Non-finite
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
कुलेin the family/clan
कुले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकुल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
शिष्टानाम्of the remaining/left (ones)
शिष्टानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootशिष्ट
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
स्यात्would be / may be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormVidhi-linga (optative), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अनामयम्well-being, freedom from distress
अनामयम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअनामय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
कुलम्a family/clan
कुलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
हत्वाhaving killed/destroyed
हत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral), Non-finite
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
राष्ट्रम्a kingdom/state
राष्ट्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराष्ट्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तत्that (act)
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वृत्तोपघातकम्destructive of right conduct (good practice)
वृत्तोपघातकम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootवृत्तोपघातक
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa

Educational Q&A

When a single harmful agent or a corrupt group threatens the welfare of the righteous and the stability of society, removing that source of harm—though severe—need not be a breach of dharma, because it aims at protecting right conduct and the greater good.

Vyāsa is articulating a principle of moral and political judgment in the Śānti Parva: the legitimacy of punitive action against those who promote adharma, arguing that safeguarding the many and preserving social order can justify harsh measures against a few.