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Shloka 62

Śuka’s Guṇa-Transcendence and Vyāsa’s Consolation (शुकगति-वर्णनम्)

अथ जीवति ते भर्ता प्रोषितो5प्यथवा क्वचित्‌ | अगम्या परभार्येति चतुर्थो धर्मसंकर:

atha jīvati te bhartā proṣito 'py athavā kvacit | agamyā parabhāryeti caturtho dharmasaṅkaraḥ ||

ジャナカは言った。「もし汝の夫がなお生きているのなら——たとえどこか遠くに旅しているだけであっても——汝は他人の妻であり、ゆえに我にとっては全く近づき得ぬ存在である。そのような状況においてこの振る舞いは、法(ダルマ)の秩序を混ぜ乱し境界を破る第四の混淆、すなわちダルマサンカラとなる。」

अथthen/now
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
जीवतिis alive/lives
जीवति:
TypeVerb
Rootजीव्
FormLat (present indicative), 3rd, singular, Parasmaipada
तेyour
ते:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formcommon, genitive, singular
भर्ताhusband
भर्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभर्तृ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
प्रोषितःgone away/absent (living abroad)
प्रोषितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रोषित
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अथवाor
अथवा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथवा
क्वचित्somewhere/at some place
क्वचित्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्वचित्
अगम्याnot to be approached/forbidden
अगम्या:
TypeAdjective
Rootअगम्य
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
परभार्याanother man's wife
परभार्या:
TypeNoun
Rootपरभार्या
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
इतिthus/so (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
चतुर्थःfourth
चतुर्थः:
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्थ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
धर्मसंकरःconfusion/mixture of dharma (a fault named 'dharmasaṅkara')
धर्मसंकरः:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मसंकर
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

जनक उवाच

J
Janaka
H
husband (bhartā)
A
another man’s wife (parabhāryā)

Educational Q&A

The verse asserts a clear ethical boundary: if a woman’s husband is alive—even if absent—she remains ‘another man’s wife’ and is therefore not a legitimate object of approach. Violating this boundary is framed as dharmasaṅkara, a disruptive moral confusion that undermines social and ethical order.

Janaka is speaking to a woman and evaluating the propriety of any relationship with her. He states that if her husband is living (even abroad), she is forbidden to him, and that any contrary behavior constitutes a specific category of fault termed the ‘fourth’ dharmasaṅkara.