Shloka 29
नारद–शुक संवादः
Impermanence, Svabhāva, and Śuka’s Resolve for Yoga
ज्ञान ज्ञेयं तथा ज्ञो$ज्ञ: कस्तपा अतपास्तथा | सूर्याति सूर्य इति च विद्याविद्ये तथैव च
jñānaṃ jñeyaṃ tathā jño ’jñaḥ kas tapā atapās tathā | sūryāti-sūrya iti ca vidyāvidye tathaiva ca ||
ヤージュニャヴァルキヤは言った。「（汝の問いはこうだ。）知とは何か、知らるべきものとは何か。知る者とは誰か、無知なる者とは誰か。真に苦行する者とは誰か、苦行せぬ者とは誰か。『太陽』とは誰か、『太陽を超えるもの』とは誰か。さらに同様に、ヴィディヤー（vidyā・真智）とは何か、アヴィディヤー（avidyā・無明）とは何か。」
याज़्ञवल्क्य उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse frames a systematic set of philosophical distinctions—knowledge/knowable, knower/ignorant, true austerity/false austerity, and vidyā/avidyā—implying that ethical and spiritual progress depends on correct discernment of these categories.
Yājñavalkya is responding in a didactic setting within Śānti Parva, restating a sequence of questions that guide the forthcoming explanation of metaphysical and ethical fundamentals.