Shloka 12
Adhyāya 302: Guṇa-vicāra, Gati-bheda, and the Imperishable State
Yājñavalkya–Janaka
यच्च तत् क्षरमित्युक्तं यत्रेदं क्षरते जगत् | यच्चाक्षरमिति प्रोक्तं शिवं क्षेम्यममनामयम्,“तथा जिसे क्षर कहा गया है, उसे भी जानना चाहता हूँ। जिसमें इस जगत्का क्षरण (लय) होता है और जिसे अक्षर कहा गया है, उस निर्विकार कल्याणमय शिवस्वरूप अधिष्ठानका भी ज्ञान प्राप्त करना चाहता हूँ
yac ca tat kṣaram ity uktaṃ yatrendaṃ kṣarate jagat | yac cākṣaram iti proktaṃ śivaṃ kṣemyam amanāmayam ||
「また、いわゆる『滅するもの（クシャラ）』—この全世界が衰え、融けて帰するところ—をも理解したいのです。さらに、『滅せぬもの（アクシャラ）』と説かれるもの、すなわち不変にして吉祥、シヴァの善き本性を帯び、安穏の根源であり、あらゆる苦患を離れた基盤についても、知を得たいのです。」
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse frames a fundamental inquiry: to distinguish the perishable principle (kṣara), in which the world undergoes change and dissolution, from the imperishable principle (akṣara), described as unchanging, auspicious, welfare-giving, and free from affliction—pointing toward the highest metaphysical ground sought for liberation.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on peace and higher knowledge, Bhīṣma articulates a seeker’s question: he wants clear understanding of both the changing cosmos that dissolves and the imperishable, beneficent reality that stands as its stable basis.