Shloka 15
Adhyātma–Adhibhūta–Adhidaivata Correspondences and the Triguṇa Lakṣaṇas (Śānti-parva 301)
षड्गुणं च मनो ज्ञात्वा नभ: पञ्चगुणं तथा । बुद्धि चतुर्गुणां ज्ञात्वा तमश्न त्रिगुणं तथा
ṣaḍguṇaṃ ca mano jñātvā nabhaḥ pañcaguṇaṃ tathā | buddhiṃ caturguṇāṃ jñātvā tamaś ca triguṇaṃ tathā ||
ビーシュマは言った。「心（マナス）は六の性質を備え、虚空（アーカーシャ）は五、知性（ブッディ）は四、そして闇・無明（タマス）は三の性質を備えると理解したなら、この性質の段階的構造を知る者は、経験を成り立たせる要素について分別の洞察を得る。その洞察は感官の対象への離欲を支え、求道者を迷妄を超えて解脱へ向かう道に堅く据える。」
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches analytical discernment: by classifying mind, space, intellect, and tamas according to their respective sets of qualities, a seeker learns to distinguish the layers of experience and loosen attachment to sense-objects—an aid to liberation-oriented knowledge (jñāna) in Sāṅkhya-Yoga.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction section, Bhishma continues his philosophical exposition to the king, presenting a compact schema of how different inner and elemental principles are understood through their ‘qualities,’ as part of a broader teaching on knowledge and release.