Shloka 14
Adhyātma–Adhibhūta–Adhidaivata Correspondences and the Triguṇa Lakṣaṇas (Śānti-parva 301)
सत्त्वं दशगुणं ज्ञात्वा रजो नवगुणं तथा । तमश्नाष्टगुणं ज्ञात्वा बुद्धिं सप्तगुणां तथा
sattvaṁ daśaguṇaṁ jñātvā rajo navaguṇaṁ tathā | tamaś cāṣṭaguṇaṁ jñātvā buddhiṁ saptaguṇāṁ tathā ||
ビーシュマは言った。「サットヴァは十の性質を備え、ラジャスは九、タマスは八、そして知性（ブッディ）は七の性質を備えると理解したなら、分別ある者は経験を成り立たせる要素について段階的な知を得る。このようにグナと内なる器官を識別することにより、感官の対象の利害と欲望の動きを裁量し得て、世の苦を超えて解脱へ至る道を進むのである。」
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches discriminative knowledge (viveka) of the guṇas—sattva, rajas, tamas—and of buddhi. By understanding their graded qualities, one can diagnose the roots of desire, suffering, and confusion, and orient practice toward clarity and liberation.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction section, Bhishma continues his philosophical teaching to Yudhiṣṭhira, presenting a structured analysis of the guṇas and the inner faculties as part of a Sāṅkhya–Yoga framework aimed at peace, self-mastery, and mokṣa.