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Shloka 8

अव्यक्त-प्रबोधः (Awakening to the Unmanifest): The 25th and 26th Principles and Eligibility for Brahma-vidyā

क्षत्रियातिरथाम्बष्ठा उग्रा वैदेहकास्तथा । श्वपाका: पुल्कसा: स्तेना निषादा: सूतमागधा:

kṣatriyātirathāmbaṣṭhā ugrā vaidehakās tathā | śvapākāḥ pulkasāḥ stenā niṣādāḥ sūtamāgadhāḥ ||

パラーシャラは言った。「クシャトリヤ、アティラタ、アンバシュタ、ウグラ、ヴァイデーハカ。さらにシュヴァパーカ、プルカサ、ステーナ、ニシャーダ、スータ、マーガダ——おお王よ——これら名指された諸集団は、四ヴァルナの相互混交より生じたと語られる。結合は『順の結び』(アヌローマ)と『逆の結び』(ヴィローマ)と呼ばれる。」

क्षत्रियKshatriyas
क्षत्रिय:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अतिरथgreat chariot-warriors (Atirathas)
अतिरथ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअतिरथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अम्बष्ठाःAmbashthas (a mixed caste)
अम्बष्ठाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअम्बष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
उग्राःUgras (a mixed caste)
उग्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउग्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वैदेहकाःVaidehakas (a mixed caste)
वैदेहकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैदेहक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाand likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
श्वपाकाःShvapakas (dog-cookers; outcaste group)
श्वपाकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्वपाक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पुल्कसाःPulkasas (a mixed/outcaste group)
पुल्कसाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुल्कस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्तेनाःthieves
स्तेनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्तेन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
निषादाःNishadas (tribal group)
निषादाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिषाद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सूतSutas (charioteers/bards; mixed caste)
सूत:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मागधाःMagadhas (bards; people of Magadha / mixed caste)
मागधाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमागध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नरेश्वरO lord of men (king)
नरेश्वर:
TypeNoun
Rootनरेश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

पराशर उवाच

P
Parāśara
N
nareśvara (the king, unnamed addressee)
K
kṣatriya
A
atiratha
A
ambaṣṭha
U
ugra
V
vaidehaka
Ś
śvapāka
P
pulkasa
S
stena
N
niṣāda
S
sūta
M
māgadha

Educational Q&A

The verse presents a dharma-style taxonomy: certain named communities are explained as arising from inter-varṇa unions categorized as anuloma (in-order) and viloma (reverse). The underlying teaching is the text’s concern with regulating social identity through lineage and marriage norms.

In Śānti Parva’s instructional setting, the sage Parāśara addresses a king and enumerates various groups, framing them as products of different kinds of intermixture among the four varṇas, as part of a broader discourse on social and legal order.