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Shloka 60

तृष्णाक्षय-उपदेशः

Instruction on the Cessation of Craving

शास्त्रादपेतं पश्यन्ति बहवो व्यक्तमानिन: । शास्त्रदोषान्‌ न पश्यन्ति शोचन्ति च यथा वयम्‌ | इन्द्रियार्थाश्न भवतां समाना: सर्वजन्तुषु,बहुत-से मनुष्य प्रत्यक्षको ही माननेवाले हैं। वे शास्त्रसे पृथक्‌ इहलोकपर ही दृष्टि रखते हैं। शास्त्रोक्त दोषोंको नहीं देखते हैं और जैसे हमलोग शोक करते हैं, वैसे ही वे भी अवैदिकमतका आश्रय लेकर शोक किया करते हैं। आप-जैसे ज्ञानियोंको भी सब जन्तुओंके समान ही इन्द्रियोंक विषयोंका अनुभव होता है

śāstrād apetaṁ paśyanti bahavo vyaktamāninaḥ | śāstradoṣān na paśyanti śocanti ca yathā vayam | indriyārthāś ca bhavatāṁ samānāḥ sarvajantuṣu ||

カピラは言った。「感官に現れるものだけを頼みとして驕る者は多く、シャーストラ(聖典・論書)から目を背け、この世のみを見つめる。彼らはシャーストラが指摘する過失を見ず、非ヴェーダの見解に寄りかかって、われらと同じく嘆き悲しむ。感官の対象について言えば、その影響は汝にも一切の生類にも等しい。賢者といえども感官の領域に遭うが、ただそれを正しく識別すべきなのである。」

शास्त्रात्from the scripture
शास्त्रात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootशास्त्र
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
अपेतम्departed/removed (from)
अपेतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअपेत (अप + इ)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पश्यन्तिthey see
पश्यन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
बहवःmany
बहवः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
व्यक्तमानिनःthose who take the manifest/perceptible as authority (perception-proud)
व्यक्तमानिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्यक्तमानिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शास्त्रदोषान्scripture-stated faults/defects
शास्त्रदोषान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशास्त्रदोष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पश्यन्तिthey see
पश्यन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
शोचन्तिthey grieve
शोचन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootशुच्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यथाas/just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
वयम्we
वयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Plural
इन्द्रियार्थाःobjects of the senses
इन्द्रियार्थाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रियार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भवताम्of you (honorific, plural)
भवताम्:
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
समानाःthe same/equal
समानाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वजन्तुषुin all creatures
सर्वजन्तुषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वजन्तु
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural

कपिल उवाच

K
Kapila

Educational Q&A

Kapila warns that those who rely only on what is directly perceptible (the ‘manifest’) and turn away from śāstra fail to notice the deeper defects of worldly life; as a result they fall into grief. Even the wise experience sense-objects like all beings, but wisdom lies in discernment and non-enslavement to them.

In the Śānti Parva’s instructional dialogue, Kapila is delivering a philosophical-ethical critique of non-scriptural, purely sense-based outlooks. He contrasts śāstra-guided insight with worldly empiricism and explains why attachment to sense-objects leads to sorrow, even though sense experience itself is common to all creatures.