Shloka 4

मोक्षोपाय-निर्णयः

Determination of the Means to Liberation

Devanagari script

अधर्मतां याति धर्मों यात्यधर्मश्न धर्मताम्‌ वधो नाम भवेद्‌ धर्मो नैतद्‌ भवितुमहति

Transliteration

bhīṣma uvāca | adharmatāṃ yāti dharmo yāty adharmo dharmatām | vadho nāma bhaved dharmo naitad bhavitum arhati |

Translation

ビーシュマは言った。「時に、『ダルマ（法）』と呼ばれるものが不義へと滑り落ち、『アダルマ（非法）』と呼ばれるものが正しいと見なされることもある。だがそれでも、生あるものを殺すことを『ダルマ』と呼ぶのは許されぬ——それは真実として成り立たない。」

Word by Word

• अधर्मताम्: to unrighteousness
• अधर्मताम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अधर्मता
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• याति: goes/turns into
• याति: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (याति)
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• धर्मः: dharma/righteousness
• धर्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• याति: goes/turns into
• याति: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (याति)
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अधर्मः: adharma/unrighteousness
• अधर्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अधर्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• धर्मताम्: to righteousness
• धर्मताम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मता
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• वधः: killing/slaying
• वधः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• नाम: indeed/forsooth (emphatic particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नाम

• भवेत्: could be/might be
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (भव)
• Form: Optative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• धर्मः: dharma/righteousness
• धर्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• भवितुम्: to be/to become
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Tumun (infinitive)

• अर्हति: is fit/deserves/is proper
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्ह्
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma