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Shloka 23

मोक्षोपाय-निर्णयः

Determination of the Means to Liberation

वह तो मरघटमें जाकर मृत शरीरसे चिह्नभूत वस्त्र आदि उतार लाता है और देवताओंकी सम्पत्तिको भी लूट लेता है। जिनकी बुद्धि मारी गयी है, उन डाकुओंपर जो कोई विश्वास करता है, वह मूर्ख है ।।

humatsena uvāca: sa tu śmaśānaṁ gatvā mṛtaśarīrāt cihnabhūtāni vastrādīni apaharati, devatānāṁ sampattim api luṇṭhati. yeṣāṁ buddhir hatā, teṣu dasyuṣu yaḥ kaścid viśvasiti sa mūḍhaḥ. satyavān uvāca: tān na śaknoṣi cet sādhūn paritrātum ahiṁsayā, kasyacid bhūtabhavyasya lābhena antaṁ tathā kuru.

フマトセーナは言った。「彼は火葬場にまで赴き、死体から身元を示す衣などを剥ぎ取り、さらには神々の財までも掠め取る。かような盗賊—理性の滅びた者ども—を信じる者は愚か者である。」 サティヤヴァーンは答えた。「父上! もし殺さずして善人を守れぬのなら—もし不害(アヒンサー)によって彼ら盗賊を正しき人へと改め、その命を保てぬのなら—過去・現在・未来にわたる彼らの真の利益を念頭に、ふさわしい手段で彼らを終わらせるか、あるいは彼らの盗賊の業を終わらせてください。」

सत्यवान्Satyavān
सत्यवान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्यवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular
तान्those (people)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शक्नोषिyou are able
शक्नोषि:
TypeVerb
Rootशक्
FormPresent, 2, Singular
चेत्if
चेत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचेत्
साधून्the good (people)
साधून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसाधु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
परित्रातुम्to protect
परित्रातुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-त्रा
FormTumun (infinitive)
अहिंसयाby non-violence
अहिंसया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअहिंसा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
कस्यचित्of someone/anyone
कस्यचित्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
भूतof the past
भूत:
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
भव्यस्यof the future
भव्यस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootभव्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
लाभेनby (their) benefit/gain
लाभेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootलाभ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अन्तम्end
अन्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तथाthus/so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
कुरुdo/make
कुरु:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormImperative, 2, Singular

हुमत्सेन उवाच

H
Humatsena
S
Satyavān
Ś
śmaśāna (cremation-ground)
D
devatāḥ (the gods/deities)
D
dasyavaḥ (bandits/robbers)
S
sādhavaḥ (the righteous/good people)

Educational Q&A

Non-violence is ideal, but a ruler’s duty to protect the righteous remains paramount; if reform through ahiṁsā is not possible, one should end the harm—aiming at the wrongdoer’s long-term welfare—by an appropriate, dharmic measure.

Humatsena condemns the extreme impiety of bandits who steal even from corpses and from divine property, warning against trusting them. Satyavān then urges his father to protect good people: either reform the robbers without violence, or otherwise stop them decisively, with their ultimate welfare in view.