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Shloka 35

Adhyāya 262: Śabda-brahman, Para-brahman, and the Ethics of Tyāga

Kapila–Syūmaraśmi Saṃvāda

निराशिषमनारम्भं निर्नमस्कारमस्तुतिम्‌ | अक्षीणं क्षीणकर्माणं त॑ देवा ब्राह्म॒णं विदु:,जिसके मनमें कोई कामना नहीं है, जो किसी फलकी इच्छासे कर्मोंका आरम्भ नहीं करता, नमस्कार और स्तुतिसे अलग रहता है, जिसका धर्म नहीं क्षीण हुआ है, कर्म-बन्धन क्षीण हो गया है, उसी पुरुषको देवतालोग ब्राह्मण मानते हैं

nirāśiṣam anārambhaṁ nirnamaskāram astutim | akṣīṇaṁ kṣīṇakarmāṇaṁ taṁ devā brāhmaṇaṁ viduḥ ||

チュラーダーラは言う。「欲望なく、果報を求めて行為を起こさず、礼拝や讃辞の誇示から離れ、ダルマが衰えず、カルマの束縛が磨り減って尽きた者——その人をこそ、神々は真のブラーフマナと知る。」

निराशिषम्free from desires/benedictions
निराशिषम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर् + आशिष्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अनारम्भम्not initiating (actions)
अनारम्भम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन् + आरम्भ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
निर्नमस्कारम्without salutations
निर्नमस्कारम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर् + नमस्कार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अस्तुतिम्without praise (of self/others)
अस्तुतिम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन् + स्तुति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अक्षीणम्unimpaired; not diminished
अक्षीणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन् + क्षीण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
क्षीणकर्माणम्whose karmic bonds/actions are exhausted
क्षीणकर्माणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षीण + कर्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तम्him; that person
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ब्राह्मणम्a Brahmin (true knower)
ब्राह्मणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विदुःknow; regard as
विदुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural

चुलाधार उवाच

चुलाधार (Chūlādhāra)
देवाः (the gods)
ब्राह्मण (brāhmaṇa, as an ideal person)

Educational Q&A

A brāhmaṇa is defined by inner qualities—desirelessness, non-attachment to results, freedom from honor-seeking rituals of praise and salutation, steadfast dharma, and the exhaustion of karmic bondage—rather than by birth, status, or outward display.

In the Śānti Parva’s didactic dialogue, Chūlādhāra is instructing on ethical and spiritual criteria for true nobility. He reframes social identity (brāhmaṇa) as a moral-spiritual attainment recognized even by the gods.