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Shloka 3

Bhūta-guṇa-saṃkhyāna

Enumeration of the Properties of the Elements and Cognitive Faculties

बुद्धिरात्मा मनुष्यस्य बुद्धिरेवात्मना55त्मनि । यदा विकुरुते भावं तदा भवति सा मन:,बुद्धि प्राणियोंकी समस्त इन्द्रियोंकी अधिष्ठात्री है, इसलिये वह जीवात्माके समान ही उनकी आत्मा मानी गयी है। बुद्धि ही स्वयं अपने भीतर जब भिन्न-भिन्न विषयोंको ग्रहण करनेके लिये विकृत हो नाना प्रकारके रूप धारण करती है, तब वही मन बन जाती है

buddhir ātmā manuṣyasya buddhir evātmanātmani | yadā vikurute bhāvaṃ tadā bhavati sā manaḥ ||

ヴィヤーサは言った。「知性(ブッディ buddhi)は人のまさに自己である。まことに、知性そのものが自己のうちの自己である。その知性が変容し、さまざまな対象を捉えるために特定の様態を取るとき、同じ知性が『マナス(manas)』すなわち心(意)と呼ばれる。」

बुद्धिःintellect
बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
आत्माself
आत्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मनुष्यस्यof a man
मनुष्यस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
बुद्धिःintellect
बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
आत्मनाby/with the self
आत्मना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
आत्मनिin the self
आत्मनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
यदाwhen
यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
विकुरुतेmodifies/assumes a modification
विकुरुते:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + कृ
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
भावम्state/condition
भावम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभाव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
भवतिbecomes
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
साthat (she/it)
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
मनःmind
मनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
B
buddhi
Ā
ātman
M
manas

Educational Q&A

The verse identifies buddhi (intellect) as the central inner principle in a person and explains that manas (mind) is not a separate substance but a functional state of buddhi: when intellect modifies into particular modes to engage multiple objects, it is termed 'mind'.

In the Śānti Parva’s philosophical instruction, Vyāsa is defining the inner faculties to clarify how cognition and inner experience operate—distinguishing the stable discriminative intellect (buddhi) from its object-oriented modifications, which are called mind (manas).