Shloka 2
कामद्रुम-रूपकः तथा शरीर-पुर-रूपकः
The Desire-Tree and the Body-as-City Metaphors
व्यासजी कहते हैं--बेटा! देह, इन्द्रिय और मन आदि जो प्रकृतिके विकार हैं, वे क्षेत्रज् (आत्मा) के ही आधारपर स्थित रहते हैं। वे जड होनेके कारण क्षेत्रज्ञको नहीं जानते; परंतु क्षेत्रज्ष गन सबको जानता है ।।
vyāsa uvāca | adhyātmaṃ yad idaṃ tāta puruṣasyeha paṭhyate | tat te 'haṃ vartayiṣyāmi tasya vyākhyām imāṃ śṛṇu || kṣetra-jñaḥ kṣetra-bhūtānāṃ dehendriya-mano-ādīnām āśrayaḥ | te jaḍāḥ kṣetra-jñaṃ na jānanti kṣetra-jñas tu sarvān jānāti || taiś caivaṃ kurute kāryaṃ manaḥ-ṣaṣṭhair ihendriyaiḥ | sudāntair iva saṃyantā dṛḍhaḥ paramavājibhiḥ ||
ヴィヤーサは言った。「わが子よ、ここで『アディヤートマ（adhyātma）』—人間に関する内なる教え—として説かれるものを、いま汝に解き明かそう。これを聴け。 身体・諸感官・心は、プラクリティ（Prakṛti）の変化として、『田の知者』（クシェートラジュニャ Kṣetrajña、すなわち自己）に依って成り立つ。彼らは無覚なるがゆえに知者を知らぬ。だが知者は彼らすべてを知る。 ゆえに、心を第六として備えた諸感官によって、田の知者はこの世のあらゆる行為を成就する—よく馴らした強き名馬を制し、巧みに働かせる堅固な御者のごとく。」
व्यास उवाच
Educational Q&A
The passage distinguishes the conscious Self (kṣetrajña) from the insentient body–mind apparatus (kṣetra). Body, senses, and mind are Prakṛti’s modifications and cannot ‘know’ the Self; rather, the Self illumines and knows them. Ethical mastery arises when the Self, like a skilled charioteer, keeps the mind and senses disciplined and uses them rightly for action.
Vyāsa begins an instructional discourse on adhyātma addressed to a ‘dear child’ (tāta). He introduces a philosophical framework—Self versus body-mind—and illustrates it with the charioteer-and-horses analogy to explain how disciplined senses and mind enable effective, righteous action.