Shloka 20
Śaṅkha–Likhita Upākhyāna: Daṇḍa, Confession, and the Purification of Kingship (शङ्ख-लिखितोपाख्यानम्)
Devanagari script
ये3रक्ष्यमाणा हीयन्ते दैवेनाभ्याहता नृप । तस्करैश्वापि हीयन्ते सर्व तद्् राजकिल्बिषम्
Translation
ヴァイシャンパーヤナは語った。「王よ、王の守護が及ばぬために衰え滅びる者たち――旱魃など運命の災いに打たれ、あるいは盗賊の害に遭う者たち――その滅亡の罪はすべて王の咎となる。」
Word by Word
येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अरक्ष्यमाणाःnot being protected
अरक्ष्यमाणाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरक्ष् (धातु) + यमान (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Passive, शानच् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
हीयन्तेperish / are diminished
हीयन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootही (धातु)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Ātmanepada
दैवेनby fate / by divine agency
दैवेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदैव
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अभ्याहताःstruck/afflicted
अभ्याहताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअभि-आ-हन् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृदन्त)
नृपO king
नृप:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तस्करैःby thieves
तस्करैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतस्कर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
हीयन्तेperish / are diminished
हीयन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootही (धातु)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Ātmanepada
सर्वम्all (of it)
सर्वम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
राजकिल्बिषम्the king's sin/fault
राजकिल्बिषम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् + किल्बिष
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes