Shloka 12
Śakra–Namuci-saṃvāda: Śoka-nivāraṇa and Daiva-vicāra
Indra and Namuci on grief, composure, and inevitability
शब्द: स्पर्श च रूप॑ं च रसो गन्धश्न मूर्तय: । एते ह्यामरणात् पञज्च षड्गुणा ज्ञानसिद्धये
śabdaḥ sparśaṃ ca rūpaṃ ca raso gandhaś ca mūrtayaḥ | ete hy ā-maraṇāt pañca ṣaḍ-guṇā jñāna-siddhaye ||
ビーシュマは語った。「音、触、色（形相）、味、香、そして物質としての具身—これらは感官の知を成就させるための性質であり、生ある者において死の瞬間に至るまで働く。諸感官がこれらの性質に触れるときにのみ、さまざまな対象についての別異の認識が生起する。」
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhīṣma explains that cognition depends on the contact between the senses and their objects—sound, touch, form, taste, and smell—along with material embodiment; these function as the operative qualities enabling sensory knowledge throughout embodied life.
In Śānti Parva’s instruction section, Bhīṣma continues his philosophical teaching to Yudhiṣṭhira, analyzing how knowledge arises through the senses and their objects as part of a broader discourse on dharma and liberation-oriented understanding.