Shloka 11
Śakra–Namuci-saṃvāda: Śoka-nivāraṇa and Daiva-vicāra
Indra and Namuci on grief, composure, and inevitability
तत्र विज्ञानसंयुक्ता त्रिविधा चेतना ध्रुवा । सुखदु:खेति यामाहुरदुः:खामसुखेति च
tatra vijñānasaṁyuktā trividhā cetanā dhruvā | sukhaduḥkheti yām āhur aduḥkhām asukheti ca ||
ビーシュマは語った。「この点において、分別の知（ヴィジュニャーナ）と結びついた意識は、確かに三種に定まる。賢者はそれを、(1) 楽と苦を受けるもの、(2) 苦を離れたもの、(3) 楽なきもの、と説く。かくして、取るべきもの・捨つべきもの・措くべきものに応じて、心の応答が区別される。」
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma classifies consciousness, when guided by discernment (vijñāna), into three stable modes: one that undergoes pleasure and pain, one that is free from pain, and one that is without pleasure—pointing to ethical discrimination in relation to objects as acceptable, rejectable, or to be treated with equanimity.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction to Yudhishthira, Bhishma continues a philosophical-ethical exposition, explaining how the mind’s awareness functions in different experiential modes and how discernment shapes one’s engagement with worldly objects.