Shanti Parva Adhyaya 208 Shloka 1 - Mahabharata | Japanese | Vedapath

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Shloka 1

अध्याय २०८ — इन्द्रियनिग्रहः, सत्याहिंसात्मकवाक्, कर्मफलविवेकः

Restraint of the Senses, Non-harming Truthful Speech, and Discernment of Karmic Consequence

Devanagari script

ऑपन-- मा बछ। अ<-छऋाज - पुरुष (श्रीकृष्ण) ही यह सब कुछ हैं। अष्टाधिकद्विशततमो< ध्याय: ब्रह्माके पुत्र मरीचि आदि प्रजापतियोंके वंशका तथा प्रत्येक दिशामें निवास करनेवाले महर्षियोंका वर्णन युधिछिर उवाच के पूर्वमासन्‌ पतय: प्रजानां भरतर्षभ । के चर्षयो महाभागा दिक्षु प्रत्येकश: स्मृता:

Transliteration

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca |

pūrvam āsan patayaḥ prajānāṃ bharatarṣabha |

ke cārṣayo mahābhāgā dikṣu pratyekaśaḥ smṛtāḥ ||

Translation

ユディシュティラは問うた。「バーラタ族の雄よ、いにしえにおいて衆生の主たる者、そしてプラジャーパティ（生類の祖）であったのは誰々か。さらに、伝承により、諸方位それぞれに住するとされる福徳具えた大リシたちは、いかなる方々か。」

Word by Word

युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira

उवाचsaid

केwho (which persons)

पूर्वम्formerly, in earlier times

आसन्were

पतयःlords, masters

प्रजानाम्of the creatures/subjects

भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas (best of Bharatas)

केwho (which ones)

चand

ऋषयःsages

महाभागाःgreatly fortunate, illustrious

दिक्षुin the directions

प्रत्येकशःseparately, in each (direction)

स्मृताःare remembered/are regarded (as)

Speaker

युधिछिर उवाच

Characters & Entities

Yudhiṣṭhira

Bharatarṣabha (addressee, traditionally Bhīṣma in Śānti Parva)

Prajāpatis (implied by 'patayaḥ prajānām')

Ṛ

Ṛṣis (sages)

Dik (the directions/quarters)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse frames a dharmic inquiry: rightful governance and ethical life are grounded in knowledge of cosmic order—who the primordial progenitors are and how the seer-tradition is situated across the world’s directions.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Śānti Parva’s instruction setting, Yudhiṣṭhira asks the elder teacher (addressed as ‘Bharatarṣabha’) to enumerate the ancient Prajāpatis and the great ṛṣis associated with each direction, preparing for a cosmological and genealogical exposition.