Shloka 52
Adhyāya 199: Karma–Jñāna Causality and the Nirguṇa Brahman
Manu’s Instruction
Devanagari script
ब्राह्मण उवाच फलप्राप्तिं न जानामि दत्तं यज्जपितं मया । अयं धर्मश्न॒ कालश्न यमो मृत्युश्न साक्षिण:
Translation
婆羅門は言った。「王よ、われが唱えたジャパの果がいかに現れるか、われは知らぬ。だが、われが唱えたものはすべて、すでに汝に授けた。ダルマ、ヤマ、死、そして時（カーラ）がその証人である。」
Word by Word
ब्राह्मणःthe Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular
फल-प्राप्तिम्attainment of the fruit (result)
फल-प्राप्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootफलप्राप्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
जानामिI know
जानामि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormPresent, 1, Singular
दत्तम्given
दत्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootदा
यत्what/that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
जपितम्recited (as japa)
जपितम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootजप्
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormInstrumental, Singular
अयम्this
अयम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मःDharma
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कालःTime
कालः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यमःYama
यमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मृत्युःDeath
मृत्युः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
साक्षिणःwitnesses
साक्षिणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसाक्षिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
Speaker
ब्राह्मण उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes