Shloka 11
मनुरुवाच — इन्द्रिय-मनः-ज्ञान-क्रमः
Manu on the hierarchy of senses, mind, and knowledge
ध्यानं तपो दम: क्षान्तिरनसूया मिताशनम् । विषयप्रतिसंहारो मितजल्पस्तथा शम:
bhīṣma uvāca | dhyānaṁ tapo damaḥ kṣāntir anasūyā mitāśanam | viṣaya-pratisaṁhāro mita-jalpas tathā śamaḥ satyam agnihotraṁ ekānta-sevanaṁ—eṣa pravartaka-yajñaḥ | atha nivartaka-yajñasya varṇanaṁ śṛṇu, yathā japaṁ kurvato brahmacāriṇaḥ sarve karmāṇi nivartante | dṛḍha-grāhī karomīti jāpyaṁ japati jāpakaḥ | na sampūrṇo na saṁyukto nirayaṁ so ’nugacchati ||
ビーシュマは言った。「瞑想（dhyāna）、苦行（tapas）、自制（dama）、忍耐（kṣānti）、嫉みなきこと（anasūyā）、食の節度（mitāśana）、感官の対象からの収摂、言葉の節制（mitajalpa）、心の寂静（śama）、真実、火供（agnihotra）、そして独居—これが『起動の祭』（pravartaka-yajña）、人を道へと押し出す修行である。いま『回収の祭』（nivartaka-yajña）を聞け。そのジャパ（japa）の規則によって、ジャパに励む梵行者（brahmacārin）の諸行為は止息し（解脱へと向かう）。だが、唱える者が『必ずこのジャパを成し遂げる』という硬い決意に執着して定めの反復を始めながら、真に身を入れず、また完遂もしないなら、その者は破滅（naraka）へと堕ちる。」
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma frames ethical and yogic disciplines as a form of ‘sacrifice’: inner practices (meditation, restraint, truth, moderation, seclusion) initiate spiritual progress, while deeper practice aims at cessation of karmic momentum. He warns that taking up japa with stubborn resolve but without genuine engagement or completion is spiritually harmful and leads to downfall.
In Shanti Parva’s instruction section, Bhishma is teaching about inner yajña (sacrifice) and disciplined practice. He lists virtues and observances as the ‘activating sacrifice,’ then transitions to the ‘withdrawing sacrifice’ connected with japa and brahmacarya, adding a cautionary example about negligent or half-hearted practice.