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Shloka 39

त्रिवर्गमूलनिश्चयः — Determining the Roots of Dharma, Artha, and Kāma

Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 123

क्षुपस्तु मनवे प्रादादादित्यतनयाय च । पुत्रेभ्य: श्राद्धदेवस्तु सूक्ष्मधर्मार्थकारणात्‌

kṣupas tu manave prādād ādityatanayāya ca | putrebhyaḥ śrāddhadevas tu sūkṣma-dharmārtha-kāraṇāt ||

ヴァスハローマは語った。「クシュパ(Kṣupa)はそれを太陽神の子マヌ(Manu)に渡した。マヌ—シュラードゥデーヴァ(Śrāddhadeva)として知られる—は、ダルマとアルタ(artha)を微妙に護るため、それを自らの子らに託した。」この偈は、権威の器や法令が正統な系譜において意図的に継承され、社会秩序・正義・繁栄が、ただの力ではなく分別によって守られるべきことを説く。

क्षुपःKṣupa (a person named Kṣupa)
क्षुपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षुप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
मनवेto Manu
मनवे:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootमनु
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
प्रादात्gave
प्रादात्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormAorist (simple past), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
आदित्यतनयायto the son of Āditya (the Sun)
आदित्यतनयाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootआदित्यतनय
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पुत्रेभ्यःto (his) sons
पुत्रेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural
श्राद्धदेवःŚrāddhadeva (a name of Manu)
श्राद्धदेवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्राद्धदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
सूक्ष्मधर्मार्थकारणात्from/for the reason of subtle dharma and artha
सूक्ष्मधर्मार्थकारणात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसूक्ष्मधर्मार्थकारण
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular

वसुहरोम उवाच

वसुहरोम (Vasu-haroma)
क्षुप (Kṣupa)
मनु (Manu)
आदित्य / सूर्य (Āditya / Sūrya)
श्राद्धदेव (Śrāddhadeva)
पुत्र (sons of Manu)

Educational Q&A

That instruments of governance and moral regulation must be transmitted through rightful lineage and applied with subtle discernment to protect both dharma (justice/moral order) and artha (welfare/polity).

Vasu-haroma recounts a chain of custody: Kṣupa gives the entrusted authority to Vaivasvata Manu (Śrāddhadeva), and Manu then assigns it to his sons to ensure the careful maintenance of dharma and artha.