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Shloka 20

मातापितृगुरुपूजा-प्रशंसा

Praise of Venerating Mother, Father, and Teacher

अवध्या हि सदा माता पिता चाप्यपकारिणौ

avadhyā hi sadā mātā pitā cāpyapakāriṇau |

ビーシュマは言った。「母は常に侵してはならぬ存在であり、父もまた同じである—たとえ害をなす振る舞いがあったとしても。父母に過ちがあっても、侮辱や加害に値する者として扱ってはならない。子(あるいは弟子)は、その欠を見てなお、報復によって自らを汚してはならぬ。愛ゆえに、そのような長老たちは子や学ぶ者に罪を着せず、むしろ常に彼をダルマの道へと導き戻そうと努める。かかる父母と師の真の偉大さを、完全に知るのは、大神仙とともにある神々のみである。」

अवध्याःnot to be slain / inviolable
अवध्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअवध्य
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
हिindeed / for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
माताmother
माता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पिताfather
पिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso / even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अपकारिणौeven if doing harm / even if harmful
अपकारिणौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपकारिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
M
mother (mātā)
F
father (pitā)
G
gods (devāḥ)
S
seers (maharṣayaḥ)

Educational Q&A

Parents (and by extension revered elders like teachers) are to be regarded as inviolable; even if they err or cause harm, one should not respond with violence or contempt, but remain oriented to dharma and reform through respect.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhīṣma teaches Yudhiṣṭhira ethical norms of conduct, emphasizing the special, protected status of mother and father and the duty of the younger to respond with restraint and righteousness.