Shloka 23
Duryodhana-vadha-pratikriyā: Harṣa, Nindā, and Kṛṣṇa’s Nīti-vyākhyā (Śalya-parva 60)
“अत्यन्त लोभीका अर्थ और अधिक आसक्ति रखनेवालेका काम--ये दोनों ही धर्मको हानि पहुँचाते हैं! जो मनुष्य कामसे धर्म और अर्थको, अर्थसे धर्म और कामको तथा धर्मसे अर्थ और कामको हानि न पहुँचाकर धर्म, अर्थ और काम तीनोंका यथोचित रूपसे सेवन करता है, वह अत्यन्त सुखका भागी होता है ।।
sañjaya uvāca |
atyanta-lobhaḥ arthasya cādhikā saktir eva ca |
kāmaś caite dvāv api dharmaṃ ghnataḥ ||
yaḥ kāmād dharmam arthaṃ ca na hiṃsati narottamaḥ |
arthād dharmaṃ ca kāmaṃ ca dharmād arthaṃ ca kāmataḥ |
dharma-artha-kāmān yathā-nyāyaṃ sevate sa sukha-bhāk ||
tad idaṃ vyākulaṃ sarvaṃ kṛtaṃ dharmasya pīḍanāt |
bhīmasenena govinda kāmaṃ tvaṃ tu yathā-tathā |
mām "govinda" iti brūṣe dharma-saṃsthaṃ vikalpitam ||
サンジャヤは言った。「財への過度の貪欲、さらにそれに対する強い執着、そして欲（カーマ）――この二つはまことにダルマを損なう。だが、欲のためにダルマとアルタを害さず、アルタのためにダルマとカーマを害さず、ダルマのためにアルタとカーマを害さず、むしろダルマ・アルタ・カーマの三つを相応の分において行ずる者は、至上の幸福に与る。 しかし今や、ダルマが傷つけられたがゆえに万事は騒乱へと投げ込まれた。おおゴーヴィンダよ、ビーマセーナは（利得への貪りによって）ダルマを害し、これらすべてを歪めたのだ。しかも汝は、己がままに、この行いを『ダルマにかなう』と私に言い含めようとしている――それは汝の作りごとにすぎぬ。」
संजय उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches the balanced pursuit of the three aims of life (dharma, artha, kāma). Excessive greed for wealth and unchecked desire undermine dharma; true well-being comes from pursuing all three in proper proportion without letting one violate the others.
Sanjaya reports a moral dispute: the situation has become ‘vyākula’ because dharma has been injured. Bhima is accused of acting from greed and thereby violating dharma, while Govinda (Krishna) is criticized for attempting to frame or justify the act as dharmic according to his own interpretation.