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Shloka 19

Chapter 59: Baladeva’s Censure, Keśava’s Restraint, and Yudhiṣṭhira’s Moral Accounting

विध्वस्तो5यं हतामात्यो हतभ्राता हतप्रज: । उत्सन्नपिण्डो भ्राता च नैतन्न्याय्यं कृतं त्वया

vidhvasto ’yaṁ hatāmātyo hatabhrātā hataprajaḥ | utsannapiṇḍo bhrātā ca naitannyāyyaṁ kṛtaṁ tvayā ||

サンジャヤは言った。「この者はことごとく滅びた。重臣は討たれ、兄弟も討たれ、民もまた斃れた。葬送の供物の系譜は断たれ、彼にピṇḍa(供団)を捧げる者はもはやいない。しかも彼は我ら自身の兄弟である。おまえが彼にしたことは正しくない、道にかなわぬ。」

विध्वस्तःdestroyed, ruined
विध्वस्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविध्वस्त (वि+ध्वंस् धातोः क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अयम्this (man)
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हतामात्यःwhose ministers are slain
हतामात्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहतामात्य (हत + अमात्य)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हतभ्राताwhose brother is slain
हतभ्राता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहतभ्रातृ (हत + भ्रातृ)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हतप्रजःwhose offspring/subjects are slain
हतप्रजः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहतप्रज (हत + प्रजा/प्रज)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उत्सन्नपिण्डःone whose funeral offering (piṇḍa) has ceased; having no one to offer piṇḍa
उत्सन्नपिण्डः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्सन्नपिण्ड (उत्सन्न + पिण्ड)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भ्राताbrother
भ्राता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
न्याय्यम्proper, just, right
न्याय्यम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootन्याय्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
कृतम्done
कृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृत (कृ धातोः क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormInstrumental, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
a brother (unnamed in this verse)
M
ministers (amātya)
B
brother (bhrātā)
S
subjects/people (prajā)
P
piṇḍa (funeral offering)

Educational Q&A

Even amid war, actions are judged by dharma and nyāya: destroying a kinsman’s support-system (ministers, kin, subjects) and cutting off his ritual continuity (piṇḍa/śrāddha) is portrayed as ethically improper, especially when the victim is ‘our own brother’.

Sañjaya reports a moral protest: someone has been thoroughly devastated—his advisers, brother, and people have been killed, leaving him without anyone to perform funeral rites. Sañjaya condemns the deed as unjust and emphasizes the bond of brotherhood.