Shloka 43
Gadāyuddhe Kṛṣṇopadeśaḥ (Kṛṣṇa’s Counsel in the Mace-Duel) — Śalya-parva 57
Devanagari script
स सव्यं मण्डलं राजा उदशभ्राम्य कृतनिश्चय:
Transliteration
sa savyaṁ maṇḍalaṁ rājā udaśabhrāmya kṛtaniścayaḥ
Translation
サञ्जयは言った。「王は固く決意を定め、左回りに輪を描いて回転した――戦の道義的圧力のただ中で己が道を選び取った者のように、意図をもって戦車を転じたのである。」
Word by Word
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सव्यम्left (side/direction)
सव्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसव्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मण्डलम्circle; circuit
मण्डलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमण्डल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उदशभ्राम्यhaving wheeled/turned about (moving around)
उदशभ्राम्य:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभ्रम्
FormAbsolutive/Conjunctive participle (Gerund) used adverbially, Parasmaipada, उद् + आ + √भ्रम् + ल्यप् (gerund)
कृतनिश्चयःone whose resolve is made; determined
कृतनिश्चयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतनिश्चय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
स
संजय (Sañjaya)र
राजा (the king)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights niścaya (firm resolve): in the turmoil of battle, decisive commitment and purposeful action are portrayed as essential qualities of a ruler, carrying ethical weight because choices in war have grave consequences.
Sañjaya reports that the king executes a leftward circular turn (a wheeling maneuver), indicating a deliberate repositioning or tactical movement after arriving at a settled decision.