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Shloka 40

Śalya-parva Adhyāya 26 — Duryodhana’s remnant formation and rapid engagements

तं॑ तथा युद्धयमानं च विनिध्नन्तं च तावकान्‌ । ईक्षितुं नोत्सहन्ते सम तव सैन्या नराधिप,नरेश्वर! इस तरह युद्ध और आपके पुत्रोंका वध करते हुए भीमसेनको आपके सैनिक देखनेका भी साहस नहीं कर पाते थे

taṁ tathā yudhyamānaṁ ca vinighnantaṁ ca tāvakān | īkṣituṁ notsahante sma tava sainyā narādhipa naraśvara ||

サンジャヤは言った。「ビーマセーナがそのように戦い続け、汝の兵を次々と討ち倒してゆくと、汝の軍勢は—王よ、人々の主よ—もはや彼を見つめる勇気すら失った。容赦なき武威の光景が彼らの決意を砕き、恐怖が立ち止まって見届けようとする意志を呑み込んだ。」

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
युद्धयमानम्fighting
युद्धयमानम्:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विनिध्नन्तम्striking down, slaying
विनिध्नन्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-हन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तावकान्your men (your side's warriors/sons)
तावकान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतावक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
ईक्षितुम्to look at, to behold
ईक्षितुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootईक्ष्
Formतुमुन् (infinitive)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उत्सहन्तेthey dare, they have the courage
उत्सहन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्सह्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Plural, Ātmanepada
समम्even, equally; (here) even so
समम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम
तवyour
तव:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
सैन्याःsoldiers, army-men
सैन्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नराधिपO king (lord of men)
नराधिप:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootनराधिप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
नरेश्वरO ruler of men
नरेश्वर:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootनरेश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
K
Kaurava troops (tāvakāḥ, tava sainyāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the moral-psychological dimension of war: when violence becomes overwhelming and one side’s force appears unstoppable, courage collapses and even witnessing the act becomes unbearable. It implicitly warns that adharma-driven conflict culminates in fear, disintegration of morale, and the loss of inner steadiness.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Bhīma is fighting fiercely and killing the Kaurava soldiers. The Kaurava troops are so terrified by his onslaught that they cannot even bring themselves to look at him.