Shloka 37
Sauptika Parva, Adhyaya 8 — Dhṛṣṭadyumna-vadha and the Camp’s Nocturnal Rout
Devanagari script
तमभिद्रुत्य जग्राह क्षितौ चैनमपातयत्
Transliteration
tam abhidrutya jagrāha kṣitau cainam apātayat
Translation
サンジャヤは言った。「彼はまっすぐに突進して相手をつかみ、地に叩きつけた。圧倒的な力の所業であり、夜の無慈悲な暴虐の中では、節度も名誉ある戦いの規範も、ただ支配の力にかき消されることを示している。」
Word by Word
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अभिद्रुत्यhaving rushed at (him)
अभिद्रुत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√द्रु (द्रवति)
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), having run up to / having rushed at
जग्राहseized
जग्राह:
TypeVerb
Root√ग्रह्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
क्षितौon the ground
क्षितौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षिति
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
एनम्him (this one)
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (एन्-प्रत्ययान्त सर्वनाम-रूपम्)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपातयत्threw down / caused to fall
अपातयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअप-√पत् (पतति) / causative: अपातयति
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, Causative
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaA
an unnamed attacker (he)A
an unnamed victim (him)E
earth/ground (kṣiti)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights how, amid the Sauptika Parva’s nocturnal slaughter, brute force replaces the ethical restraints associated with fair combat; it implicitly contrasts the collapse of dharmic conduct with the raw mechanics of violence.
In Sañjaya’s report, one combatant rushes at an opponent, grabs him, and throws him down to the ground—describing a decisive physical overpowering during the night-time assault.