Shloka 20

Devanagari script

भीमसेन उवाच नृशंस परुषं॑ वक्तुं शक्‍्यं दुःशासन त्वया । निकृत्या हि धनं लब्ध्वा को विकत्थितुमहति

Transliteration

bhīmasena uvāca

nṛśaṃsa paruṣaṃ vaktuṃ śakyaṃ duḥśāsana tvayā |

nikṛtyā hi dhanaṃ labdhvā ko vikatthitum arhati ||

Translation

ビーマセーナは言った。「残忍なるドゥフシャーサナよ、これほど苛烈で情け容赦のない言葉を吐けるのは、お前だけだ。欺きによって財を得ておきながら、誰が正しくそのように自らを誇り、称えることができようか。」

Word by Word

• भीमसेनः: Bhimasena
• भीमसेनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीमसेन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• नृशंस: O cruel one
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नृशंस
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• परुषम्: harsh (speech/words)
• परुषम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परुष
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• वक्तुम्: to speak
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Tumun (infinitive)

• शक्यम्: possible
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शक्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular, Potential passive participle (gerundive)

• दुःशासन: O Duhshasana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःशासन
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• निकृत्या: by deceit
• निकृत्या: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: निकृति
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• हि: indeed/for
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• धनम्: wealth
• धनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• लब्ध्वा: having obtained
• Type: Verb
• Root: लभ्
• Form: Absolutive (ktvā)

• कः: who?
• कः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• विकत्थितुम्: to boast
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + कथ्
• Form: Tumun (infinitive)

• अर्हति: is fit/deserves
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्ह्
• Form: Present, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

भीमसेन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīmasena
• Duḥśāsana

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Speech and self-praise are ethically judged by the means behind one’s success: wealth gained through deceit makes boasting improper, and harsh speech reveals moral cruelty.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Sabha assembly context, Bhīma confronts Duḥśāsana, condemning his cruel, abrasive words and pointing out that his confidence rests on wealth acquired through trickery rather than rightful merit.