Shloka 3

Devanagari script

दुर्योधनं समासाद्य सामात्यं भरतर्षभ । दुःखारतों भरतश्रेष्ठमिदं वचनमब्रवीत्‌

Transliteration

duryodhanaṃ samāsādya sāmātyaṃ bharatarṣabha | duḥkhārto bharataśreṣṭham idaṃ vacanam abravīt ||

Translation

ヴァイシャンパーヤナは言った。「バーラタ族の雄牛よ、ドゥフシャーサナは、重臣たちとともに座すドゥルヨーダナに近づき、悲嘆に沈みつつ、バーラタの最上の者に次の言葉を告げた。」

Word by Word

• दुर्योधनम्: Duryodhana (as object: to Duryodhana)
• दुर्योधनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्योधन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• समासाद्य: having approached
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-√सद्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), having approached

• स-अमात्यम्: together with ministers
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + अमात्य
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• भरतर्षभ: O bull among the Bharatas
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत + ऋषभ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• दुःख-आर्तः: afflicted with sorrow
• दुःख-आर्तः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुःख + आर्त
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भरतश्रेष्ठम्: the best of the Bharatas (as addressee/object)
• भरतश्रेष्ठम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत + श्रेष्ठ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• इदम्: this
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• वचनम्: speech, words
• वचनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचन
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अब्रवीत्: said, spoke
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ब्रू
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Janamejaya
• Duryodhana
• ministers (āmātya)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how sorrow and agitation can propel political actors toward impulsive counsel and factional decision-making; it foreshadows ethically charged choices where emotion, not dharma, may dominate deliberation.

What is happening in the narrative?

The narrator describes a distressed figure approaching Duryodhana, who is seated with his advisers, and beginning to speak—introducing the next exchange in the Sabha Parva’s unfolding conflict.