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Shloka 8

Dyūta-āhvāna: Śakuni’s Proposal, Vidura’s Warning, and the Summons of Yudhiṣṭhira

Sabhā-parva 51

(यश्व स द्विजमुख्येन राज्ञ: शड्खो निवेदित: । प्रीत्या दत्त: कुणिन्देन धर्मराजाय धीमते ।।

Duryodhana uvāca |

Yaś ca sa dvijamukhyena rājñaḥ śaṅkho niveditaḥ |

Prītyā dattaḥ Kuṇindena Dharmarājāya dhīmate ||

Taṁ sarve bhrātaro bhrātre daduḥ śaṅkhaṁ kirīṭine |

Taṁ pratyagṛhṇād Bībhatsus toyajaṁ hemamālinam ||

Citaṁ niṣkasahasreṇa bhrājamānaṁ svatejasā |

Ruciraṁ darśanīyaṁ ca bhūṣitaṁ Viśvakarmaṇā ||

Adhārayac ca dharmajñas taṁ namasya punaḥ punaḥ |

Yo annadāne nadati sa nanādādhikaṁ tadā ||

Praṇādād bhūmipās tasya petur hīnāḥ svatejasā ||

ドゥルヨーダナは言った。「あの法螺貝は、最上の婆羅門が一人の王に代わって奏上したものであり、クニンダ(Kuṇinda)の王が賢きダルマラージャに愛情をもって贈ったものであった。やがて兄弟たちは皆、それを冠を戴くアルジュナに手渡した。ビーバツ(Bībhatsu)は恭しく受け取った——水より生まれた法螺貝、黄金の花輪をまとい、千の金貨を嵌めこみ、自らの光で輝く。美しく、目を奪うほどで、まるでヴィシュヴァカルマン(Viśvakarman)自らが飾り立てたかのようであった。ダルマを知る者(ダルマラージャ)は幾度もこれに礼拝し、身に帯びていた。そして施食(アンナダーナ annadāna)が行われると、その法螺貝はひとりでに鳴り響き、さらに轟然と声を増した。その反響に、集まった諸王は威光を砕かれ、大地に倒れ伏した。」

यश्वःYashva (proper name)
यश्वः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्विजमुख्येनby the foremost Brahmin
द्विजमुख्येन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजमुख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
शङ्खःconch
शङ्खः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशङ्ख (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निवेदितःwas presented/offered
निवेदितः:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootनि-विद् (धातु) → निवेदित (कृदन्त, क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रीत्याwith affection
प्रीत्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रीति (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
दत्तःgiven
दत्तः:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु) → दत्त (कृदन्त, क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कुणिन्देनby (king) Kuninda
कुणिन्देन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकुणिन्द (प्रातिपदिक, नाम)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
धर्मराजायto Dharmaraja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
धर्मराजाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मराज (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
धीमतेto the wise one
धीमते:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootधीमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular

दुर्योधन उवाच

दुर्योधन (Duryodhana)
धर्मराज युधिष्ठिर (Dharmarāja Yudhiṣṭhira)
अर्जुन (Arjuna: Kirīṭin, Bībhatsu)
कुणिन्द (Kuṇinda ruler/people)
द्विजमुख्य (a foremost Brahmin)
विश्वकर्मा (Viśvakarman)
शंख (conch-shell)
भूमिपाल (assembled kings)

Educational Q&A

The passage links dharmic generosity—especially annadāna (feeding others)—with auspicious power and legitimate kingship. The conch’s self-sounding functions as a moral sign: charity and righteous rule generate a ‘radiance’ that can humble worldly pride.

Duryodhana describes a magnificent conch presented (through a leading brahmin) as a loving gift from the Kuṇinda ruler to Yudhiṣṭhira. The Pāṇḍavas then give it to Arjuna, who receives it respectfully. During the distribution of food-gifts, the conch resounds powerfully, and many kings collapse, overwhelmed by the blast.