Mahabharata — Sabha Parva, Shloka 7

Adhyāya 45 — Duryodhana’s Distress, Śakuni’s Counsel, and the Summons for Dyūta

Devanagari script

प्राग्ज्योतिषपुरं यातानस्मान्‌ ज्ञात्वा नृशंसकृत्‌ अदहद्‌ द्वारकामेष स्वस्रीय: सन्‌ नराधिपा:

Transliteration

prāgjyotiṣapuraṃ yātān asmān jñātvā nṛśaṃsakṛt adahad dvārakām eṣa svasrīyaḥ san narādhipaḥ

Translation

ヴァイシャンパーヤナは語った。「我らがプラーグジョーティシャプラ（Prāgjyotiṣapura）へ赴いたと知るや、その残忍な王は、父の姉妹の子という縁者でありながら、ドヴァーラカー（Dvārakā）に放火させたのである。」

Word by Word

• प्राग्ज्योतिषपुरम्: to Pragjyotisha-city (Pragjyotishapura)
• प्राग्ज्योतिषपुरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राग्ज्योतिषपुर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• यातान्: gone
• यातान्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: या
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• अस्मान्: us
• अस्मान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Common, Accusative, Plural

• ज्ञात्वा: having known
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्ञा
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)

• नृशंसकृत्: the cruel-doer
• नृशंसकृत्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृशंसकृत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अदहत्: burned / set fire to
• Type: Verb
• Root: दह्
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• द्वारकाम्: Dvaraka
• द्वारकाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वारका
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• एष: this (man)
• एष: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• स्वस्रीयः: sister's son (nephew)
• स्वस्रीयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वस्रीय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सन्: being
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• नराधिपः: the king / ruler of men
• नराधिपः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नराधिप
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Prāgjyotiṣapura
• Dvārakā
• narādhipa (a king, unnamed here)
• speaker's father (implied)
• sister’s son (kinship relation)