Shloka 36

Devanagari script

आभाषमाणस्तौ वीरावुभौ माधवफाल्गुनौ । स ददर्श रणे कर्ण शयानं पुरुषर्षभम्‌

Transliteration

ābhāṣamāṇas tau vīrāv ubhau mādhava-phālgunau | sa dadarśa raṇe karṇa-śayānaṃ puruṣarṣabham ||

Translation

マーダヴァ（クリシュナ）とパールグナ（アルジュナ）という二人の勇者に語りかけている最中、彼は戦場にて、人中の雄牛たるカルナが倒れ伏しているのを見た。

Word by Word

• आभाषमाणः: speaking, addressing
• आभाषमाणः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-भाष्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)

• तौ: those two (them)
• तौ: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Dual

• वीरौ: two heroes
• वीरौ: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Dual

• उभौ: both
• उभौ: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उभ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Dual

• माधव: Mādhava (Krishna)
• माधव: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: माधव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• फाल्गुनौ: Phālguna (Arjuna)
• फाल्गुनौ: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: फाल्गुन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ददर्श: saw
• ददर्श: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• कर्णः: Karna
• कर्णः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्ण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शयानम्: lying (prostrate)
• शयानम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: शी
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular, शानच् (present middle participle)

• पुरुषर्षभम्: the bull among men, best of men
• पुरुषर्षभम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुषर्षभ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संयज उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Kṛṣṇa (Mādhava)
• Arjuna (Phālguna)
• Karna
• battlefield (raṇa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even the greatest warriors are subject to impermanence; in the aftermath of decisive violence, the ethical weight of choices—alliances, vows, and adherence to dharma—becomes unmistakable.

What is happening in the narrative?

While speaking to Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna, the speaker notices Karṇa lying fallen on the battlefield, signaling that Karṇa has been brought down and the scene shifts to the recognition of that outcome.