Shloka 4
प्रह्ृष्टवित्रस्तविषण्णविस्मिता- स्तथा परे शोकहता इवाभवन् । परे त्वदीयाश्व॒ परस्परेण यथायथीषां प्रकृतिस्तथाभवन्
prahṛṣṭavitrastaviṣaṇṇavismitās tathā pare śokahatā ivābhavan | pare tvadīyāś ca paraspareṇa yathāyathīṣāṃ prakṛtis tathābhavan ||
サञ्जयは言った。ある者は歓喜し、ある者は恐怖に震え、ある者は意気消沈し、ある者は驚嘆に打たれた。ほかには、悲嘆に押し潰されたかのような者もいた。だが陛下の軍勢もまた互いにさまざまに振る舞い—各々その本性のままに—戦の混乱の中では、忠誠と同じほどに内なる気質が外なる行いを支配することを示していた。
संजय उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights that in war and crisis, people respond according to their innate disposition (prakṛti): joy, fear, despair, amazement, or grief. Ethical judgment and leadership must account for this diversity of temperament rather than assuming uniform courage or loyalty.
Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra the varied emotional reactions among the warriors—some elated, some terrified, some despondent, some astonished, and some grief-stricken—and notes that even within Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s own side, men behaved toward one another differently, each according to his nature.