Shloka 50

कर्णपर्व — अध्याय ४०

Karṇa’s Pressure on the Pāñcālas; Duryodhana Disabled; Arjuna’s Counter-Advance

Devanagari script

अतिक्रम्य च चक्राड़: काक॑ तं समुदैक्षत

Transliteration

atikramya ca cakrāḍaḥ kākaṃ taṃ samudaikṣata

Translation

輪の縁を踏み越えると、烏は彼をじっと見据えた。たった今越えた境の向こうに何があるかを量ろうとするかのように—軽率な好奇心が、限度を犯すことの道義的危うさをほのめかしていた。

Word by Word

• अतिक्रम्य: having overstepped / having crossed
• Type: Verb
• Root: अति-क्रम्
• Form: ल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्ययार्थे), कर्तरि, पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (absolutive/gerund)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• चक्रात्: from the wheel / from the discus
• चक्रात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: चक्र
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• काकः: the crow
• काकः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: काक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• समुदैक्षत: looked up at / looked upon
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-उद्-ईक्ष्
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, 3rd, Singular

Speaker

हंस उवाच

Characters & Entities

• हंस (Haṃsa, the swan—speaker)
• काक (Kāka, the crow)
• चक्र (Cakra, wheel/its rim as an object or boundary)